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Nuevos principios de reparto de beneficios para la información de secuencias digitales
Michael Halewood1, Margo A Bagley2, Markus Wyss3
1Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture, Rome, Italy.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 2, 2023
Resumen
Los acuerdos de reparto de beneficios deben estar separados de los protocolos de acceso. Esto garantiza una distribución equitativa de los recursos y evita conflictos de intereses en la investigación y el desarrollo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biotecnología
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El acceso a los recursos biológicos es crucial para el avance científico.
- Los mecanismos de reparto de beneficios tienen por objeto garantizar una distribución equitativa de las ventajas derivadas de la utilización de los recursos.
- Los marcos actuales a menudo vinculan el reparto de beneficios directamente con el acceso, creando complejidades.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar críticamente la relación entre el acceso y el reparto de beneficios (ABS) en el contexto de los recursos biológicos.
- Proponer un modelo en el que el reparto de beneficios esté desvinculado del acceso.
- Explorar las implicaciones de tal desacoplamiento para el derecho internacional y las consideraciones éticas.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura sobre los marcos y acuerdos de ABS existentes.
- Análisis de estudios de caso sobre el acceso a los recursos y la distribución de los beneficios.
- Modelado conceptual de un sistema ABS desacoplado.
Principales resultados:
- La vinculación directa del reparto de beneficios con el acceso puede obstaculizar la investigación y los resultados equitativos.
- El desacoplamiento permite acuerdos de reparto de beneficios más flexibles y específicos del contexto.
- Un modelo desacoplado puede abordar mejor las cuestiones del consentimiento informado previo y el conocimiento tradicional.
Conclusiones:
- Separar el reparto de beneficios del acceso es esencial para lograr una verdadera equidad.
- Los marcos de ABS desacoplados pueden fomentar una mayor colaboración e innovación.
- Se necesitan reformas políticas y legales para implementar esta separación de manera efectiva.
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