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Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
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Protists are diverse eukaryotic microorganisms that lack the specialized tissues of plants and animals and the chitinous cell walls of fungi. Their early divergence within Eukarya resulted in structural, functional, and ecological diversity. They are classified into supergroups such as Archaeplastida, Excavata, Amoebozoa, Rhizaria, Alveolata, and Stramenopiles, determined through genetic analysis and structural similarities.Structural and Functional AdaptationsProtists have various adaptations...
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El paludismo

Jeanne Rini Poespoprodjo1, Nicholas M Douglas2, Daniel Ansong3

  • 1Centre for Child Health and Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; Timika Malaria Research Facility, Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Timika, Indonesia; Mimika District Hospital and District Health Authority, Timika, Indonesia; Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 4, 2023
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los casos de malaria están aumentando a nivel mundial debido a las interrupciones en los servicios de salud y la resistencia a los medicamentos. Las nuevas estrategias, incluidas las vacunas y el control mejorado de los vectores, son cruciales para la reducción de la malaria.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Salud global
  • Enfermedades infecciosas
  • Parasitología

Sus antecedentes:

  • El resurgimiento de la malaria es evidente en África y América del Sur, agravado por las interrupciones por COVID-19.
  • En 2021, el paludismo afectó a 247 millones de personas, causando 619,000 muertes.
  • La resistencia a los medicamentos y insecticidas en los vectores de Plasmodium falciparum y Anopheles plantea desafíos significativos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar el panorama actual de la malaria, las estrategias de tratamiento y las futuras medidas de control.
  • Para resaltar los desafíos en la eliminación de la malaria, en particular para Plasmodium vivax.
  • Esbozar las intervenciones esenciales para alcanzar los objetivos de reducción de la malaria.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de las estadísticas y tendencias mundiales de la malaria.
  • Análisis de los protocolos actuales de diagnóstico y tratamiento.
  • Evaluación de las estrategias preventivas, incluida la quimioprevención y las vacunas.
  • Evaluación de los métodos de control de vectores y las necesidades de desarrollo de fármacos.

Principales resultados:

  • La resistencia a la artemisinina en Plasmodium falciparum se está extendiendo, y la resistencia a los insecticidas en los vectores está aumentando.
  • La eliminación de Plasmodium vivax se ve obstaculizada por los retos del tratamiento.
  • El tratamiento preventivo intermitente y las nuevas vacunas son prometedores para reducir la morbilidad de la malaria.

Conclusiones:

  • El control efectivo de la malaria requiere una mejor vigilancia, acceso a tratamientos, control eficiente de vectores y desarrollo de nuevos medicamentos.
  • El compromiso político sostenido y las estrategias integradas son vitales para alcanzar los objetivos mundiales de reducción de la malaria.
  • La combinación de intervenciones, incluidas las vacunas y el control avanzado de vectores, es clave para combatir el resurgimiento de la malaria.