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La minería del genoma de hongos relevantes para la agricultura condujo a un policetídeo esterificado con d-glucosa
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 10, 2023
Resumen
Los investigadores descubrieron la treconorina, un nuevo producto natural de los hongos, con un núcleo cíclico único y una modificación inusual de la glucosa. Este hallazgo amplía nuestra comprensión de los metabolitos fúngicos y su biosíntesis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de los productos naturales
- Micología
- La bioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los grupos de genes biosintéticos (BGC) en los hongos son fuentes de diversos productos naturales.
- La comprensión de los BGC fúngicos es crucial para descubrir nuevos compuestos bioactivos.
- Los BGC conservados en diferentes especies de hongos sugieren importantes funciones biológicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar los nuevos productos naturales de las BGC de hongos.
- Investigar la vía biosintética y la estructura química de un BGC policetídeo conservado y no caracterizado.
- Explorar estrategias de glicomodificación inusuales en la biosíntesis de productos naturales.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de las BGC de los patógenos vegetales y los hongos de control biológico.
- Minería del genoma para identificar las BGC y predecir los metabolitos asociados.
- Elucidación de la estructura química del metabolito identificado, la treconorina.
- Análisis de la vía biosintética propuesta, incluida la cicloadición y la glicomodificación.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó un BGC policetídeo no caracterizado y conservado.
- El metabolito asociado, la treconorina, se caracterizó por un único núcleo de 5,7 biciclos fusionado con trans.
- Se propone que el núcleo de Treconorin se forme a través de una reacción de cicloadición (4 + 3).
- Se observó una nueva estrategia de glicomodificación que involucra a la d-glucosa derivada de la escisión del éster de trehalosa.
Conclusiones:
- Treconorin representa una nueva clase de productos naturales de hongos con un núcleo cíclico único.
- La vía biosintética implica una cicloadición inusual y un mecanismo de glicomodificación distinto.
- Este descubrimiento pone de relieve el potencial de la genómica comparativa para identificar nuevos metabolitos fúngicos y vías biosintéticas.
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