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Repensar cómo la asistencia al desarrollo para la salud puede catalizar el progreso en la atención primaria de la
Tobias Kasper1, Gavin Yamey2, Sinead Dwyer3
1Independent Consultant, New York, NY, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 15, 2023
Resumen
La orientación de la financiación internacional para las inversiones en atención primaria de la salud puede lograr un impacto significativo en la salud mundial. Este enfoque se centra en el empoderamiento de la comunidad, la atención centrada en las personas y la mejora de los trabajadores de salud comunitarios, respaldados por herramientas digitales y una mejor capacitación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global
- Fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud
- Cuidados de salud primarios
Sus antecedentes:
- Las campañas mundiales de salud anteriores demuestran el impacto de la financiación internacional en inversiones de alto impacto basadas en la evidencia.
- Existen modelos exitosos para catalizar la movilización de recursos nacionales junto con la financiación internacional.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Promover e identificar la financiación internacional específica para las inversiones de alto impacto en la atención primaria de la salud.
- Proponer un paquete de intervenciones basado en la evidencia y con costes para el apoyo de los donantes.
Principales métodos:
- Identificación y cálculo de los costes de las intervenciones específicas de atención primaria de salud basadas en la evidencia.
- Centrarse en el compromiso de la comunidad, los modelos de atención centrados en las personas y la mejora del trabajador de salud comunitario.
- Incluir el fortalecimiento de las herramientas digitales, los sistemas de datos y los mecanismos de formación y supervisión.
Principales resultados:
- Se estima que se necesitan inversiones internacionales anuales de entre US$1.87 mil millones (bajo) y US$3.85 mil millones (alto) en 3 años.
- Las inversiones propuestas se dirigen a las personas/comunidades, a los modelos de atención primaria y a los trabajadores sanitarios comunitarios.
- Apoyo transversal a los sistemas digitales/de datos y mejora de la calidad de la formación/supervisión.
Conclusiones:
- Las inversiones internacionales adicionales en áreas seleccionadas de atención primaria de la salud pueden generar importantes impactos en la salud de manera asequible.
- Es factible ampliar estas intervenciones en 59 países de ingresos bajos y medios con el apoyo específico de los donantes.
- Este modelo de inversión se basa en los paradigmas exitosos de las campañas mundiales de control de enfermedades.
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