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Las vías neurales paralelas controlan el consumo de sodio y la valencia del sabor
Yameng Zhang1, Allan-Hermann Pool2, Tongtong Wang1
1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Cell
|November 21, 2023
Resumen
El cerebro cambia la preferencia por la sal en función de los niveles de sodio. Distintos circuitos neuronales en el cerebro posterior y el cerebro anterior controlan la sal
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Percepción del gusto
- La homeostasis
Sus antecedentes:
- El valor hedónico de la sal cambia con los estados internos, pasando de la aversión cuando se sacia al apetito cuando se agota el sodio.
- Los mecanismos neuronales detrás de este interruptor de valencia de sal dependiente del estado no se comprenden bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar los circuitos neuronales que controlan la valencia dependiente del estado de la sal.
- Identificar tipos específicos de células y vías moleculares involucradas en la percepción y tolerancia al sabor de la sal.
Principales métodos:
- Transcriptómica para el mapeo de estado a tipo de célula.
- Manipulaciones neuronales en modelos de mamíferos.
- Registros electrofisiológicos para evaluar la sensibilidad al sabor.
Principales resultados:
- Distintos circuitos neuronales en el cerebro posterior y el cerebro anterior (lamina terminalis, LT) controlan la valencia de la sal.
- Una clase específica de neuronas LT que expresan el receptor de prostaglandina E2 (Ptger3) codifica la tolerancia a la sal.
- Estas neuronas LT modulan la sensibilidad al gusto aversivo a través de un eje de prostaglandina E2-Ptger3.
Conclusiones:
- La preferencia por la sal está regulada bidireccionalmente por señales distintas de apetito (cerebro posterior) y tolerancia (cerebro anterior LT).
- Esta regulación bimodal dicta el consumo de sodio basado en el estado interno del cuerpo.
- Se identificó una nueva función para la vía de la prostaglandina E2-Ptger3 en la modulación de la aversión al sabor de la sal.
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