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El estigma y la discriminación y sus contextos de personas sin hogar y del sistema de salud en el sur de Londres: un
Andy Guise1, Simone Helleren1, River Újhadbor1
1Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 24, 2023
Resumen
La falta de vivienda y los sistemas de salud reconocen el estigma pero están atascados en su respuesta. Este estudio teoriza cómo los sistemas de atención dan forma a las experiencias de estigma y propone intervenciones a nivel de sistemas para los determinantes sociales de la salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias sociales
- Salud pública
- Sociología
Sus antecedentes:
- El estigma y la discriminación son reconocidos como determinantes sociales clave de la salud.
- Hay una brecha en la comprensión de las intervenciones sociales y sistémicas para el estigma.
- Esta investigación aborda el estigma dentro de la falta de vivienda y los sistemas de atención médica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Teorizar cómo los sistemas de atención y apoyo influyen en las experiencias de estigma relacionadas con la falta de vivienda.
- Desarrollar intervenciones a nivel de los sistemas para combatir el estigma.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio etnográfico longitudinal en el sur de Londres (comenzó en junio de 2022).
- Recopilación de datos mediante entrevistas (n=41), grupos focales, observación de los participantes (>70h) y análisis documental.
- Análisis guiado por la teoría de la práctica social utilizando enfoques temáticos y fundamentados.
Principales resultados:
- La conciencia del estigma es alta en las personas sin hogar y los servicios de salud, pero las respuestas son estancadas.
- Las estructuras organizativas y el pensamiento limitan la acción colectiva sobre el estigma.
- Se exploraron diferentes formas de estigma (actuales, anticipadas, internalizadas) y su gestión, teniendo en cuenta las desigualdades que se entrecruzan.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio ofrece ideas para intervenciones sistémicas que abordan el estigma en la falta de vivienda y los sistemas de salud.
- La conciencia existente ofrece oportunidades para generar un cambio sistémico.
- Los resultados de este estudio basado en el Reino Unido pueden informar contextos más amplios.
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