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Asociación entre la calidad de la amistad y el bienestar subjetivo en adolescentes: un estudio transversal de
Abdullah Alsarrani1, Ruth Hunter2, Laura Dunne3
1Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, UK; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Lancet (London, England)
|November 24, 2023
Resumen
Las amistades de alta calidad están vinculadas a una mejor salud mental en los adolescentes. Este estudio muestra que las conexiones sociales positivas mejoran significativamente el bienestar psicológico y el estado de ánimo de los adolescentes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología de los adolescentes
- Análisis de las redes sociales
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Las amistades son cruciales para el desarrollo social y la salud general de los adolescentes.
- La calidad de la amistad tiene un impacto significativo en el bienestar de los adolescentes.
- Este estudio se centra en los adolescentes de Irlanda del Norte.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la calidad de la amistad y el bienestar subjetivo en los adolescentes.
- Explorar el vínculo entre las redes de amistad y los resultados de la salud mental.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio transversal de observación utilizando datos de la Encuesta sobre el bienestar en las escuelas (2018).
- Incluidos 1189 adolescentes de entre 15 y 19 años de Irlanda del Norte.
- Utilizó análisis de redes sociales y modelos de autocorrelación de redes para evaluar la calidad y el bienestar de la amistad.
Principales resultados:
- Las puntuaciones más altas de la calidad de la amistad se asociaron significativamente con un mejor bienestar psicológico (β = 0,3448, p < 0,0001).
- Las amistades positivas se correlacionan con un mayor bienestar subjetivo (β=0·3075, p<0·0001).
- La mejora de la calidad de la amistad se relacionó con una reducción del estado de ánimo negativo (β = -0, 1934, p < 0, 0001).
Conclusiones:
- La calidad de la amistad adolescente está significativamente asociada con el estado de ánimo, el bienestar psicológico y el bienestar subjetivo.
- Fomentar relaciones sociales positivas es vital para la salud mental de los adolescentes.
- Se recomienda el análisis longitudinal para una prueba más robusta de estas asociaciones.
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