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Marco de carbono dopado con especies V-O cargado con nanopartículas de Ru como catalizadores altamente eficientes y

Pengcheng Wang¹, Yang Yang¹, Wei Zheng¹

¹Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|December 11, 2023

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo catalizador de rutenio (Ru/VOC) para las células de combustible de membrana de intercambio aniónico. Este catalizador mejora significativamente las reacciones de oxidación del hidrógeno y la tolerancia al CO, allanando el camino para una tecnología de pila de combustible más eficiente.

Área de la Ciencia:

Catálisis
La electroquímica
Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

Las pilas de combustible de membrana de intercambio aniónico (AEMFC) requieren catalizadores eficientes y tolerantes al CO para la oxidación de hidrógeno alcalino (HOR).
Los catalizadores basados en rutenio son prometedores, pero a menudo se enfrentan a desafíos en la actividad y la estabilidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar un nuevo catalizador de rutenio altamente activo y tolerante al CO para el HOR alcalino en los AEMFC.
Para aclarar el mecanismo detrás del rendimiento catalítico mejorado.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de nanopartículas de Ru ultrapequeñas en marcos de carbono con especies de V-O dispersadas atómicamente (Ru/VOC).
Pruebas electroquímicas de Ru/VOC para el rendimiento HOR alcalino y la tolerancia al CO.
Cálculos de la teoría funcional de la densidad (DFT) para comprender los mecanismos catalíticos.

Principales resultados:

Ru/VOC exhibió una actividad de masa 31,3 veces mayor que Ru/C y 4,7 veces mayor que Pt/C.
Logró una densidad de potencia máxima de 1,194 W cm-2, superando el rendimiento de los ánodos Ru/C y Pt/C.
Se ha demostrado una estabilidad superior y una tolerancia excepcional al CO.
Los cálculos de DFT revelaron que las especies V-O son sitios óptimos de adsorción de OH, mejorando la actividad de Ru y la tolerancia al CO.

Conclusiones:

Las especies de V-O dispersadas atómicamente en los marcos de carbono actúan como sitios efectivos de adsorción de OH, aumentando el HOR alcalino.
La transferencia de electrones de Ru al sustrato de carbono optimiza la estructura electrónica de Ru, reduciendo las energías de enlace para H2 y CO.
Este trabajo proporciona una nueva estrategia para el diseño de catalizadores de alto rendimiento para HOR alcalino.

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