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Destacar las consecuencias de las disparidades raciales para la salud genera apoyo para la acción
Riana M Brown1, Pia Dietze2, Maureen A Craig3,4
1Annenberg Public Policy Center and Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 21, 2023
Resumen
Destacar las disparidades raciales en salud, no las económicas, impulsa el compromiso de las redes sociales y el apoyo a las políticas. Los estadounidenses están más motivados para actuar sobre las desigualdades de salud porque son percibidas como injusticias morales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología social
- Desigualdades en la salud Investigación
- Políticas públicas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las disparidades raciales persisten en dominios críticos de la sociedad estadounidense, incluidos el empleo, la salud y el tratamiento social.
- Existen disparidades significativas, como las tasas de pobreza más altas para los niños negros y la esperanza de vida más corta para los estadounidenses negros en comparación con los estadounidenses blancos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar qué tipos de disparidades raciales son más efectivas para motivar la participación pública y el apoyo a las intervenciones políticas.
- Determinar si las disparidades relacionadas con la salud provocan una mayor acción en comparación con las disparidades económicas o de pertenencia.
Principales métodos:
- El estudio probablemente involucró diseños experimentales que presentan a los participantes información sobre diferentes tipos de disparidades raciales (salud, economía, pertenencia).
- Las medidas probablemente incluyeron métricas de participación en las redes sociales, apoyo declarado a la política y voluntad autoinformada de tomar medidas (por ejemplo, protestar).
- El análisis probablemente se centró en comparar las respuestas entre los tipos de disparidad y explorar los factores psicológicos mediadores.
Principales resultados:
- La presentación de información sobre las disparidades de salud racial aumentó significativamente la participación de las redes sociales y el apoyo a las políticas destinadas a reducir estas disparidades.
- Los participantes expuestos a las disparidades de salud mostraron una mayor voluntad de participar en el activismo en comparación con los expuestos a las disparidades económicas o de pertenencia.
- La mayor respuesta a las disparidades de salud se atribuye en parte a su percepción como violaciones de valores moralmente sagrados, aumentando la sensación de injusticia.
Conclusiones:
- Las disparidades raciales en salud son catalizadores más potentes para la acción pública y el apoyo a las políticas que las disparidades económicas o de pertenencia.
- Enmarcar la desigualdad racial a través de la lente de los resultados de salud moviliza efectivamente la preocupación y la acción pública.
- Comprender los impulsores psicológicos, como la violación moral percibida, es crucial para diseñar intervenciones efectivas para abordar la desigualdad racial.
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