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Transmisión microbiana en el microbioma social y salud y enfermedad del huésped

Amar Sarkar¹, Cameron J A McInroy¹, Siobhán Harty²

¹Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

|January 5, 2024

Resumen

El microbioma social, que abarca los microbios compartidos dentro de las redes sociales, tiene un impacto significativo en la salud y la enfermedad del huésped. Comprender la transmisión de estos microbios es crucial para la salud pública y la investigación de la evolución social.

Área de la Ciencia:

Microbiología
Ecología
Biología evolutiva

Sus antecedentes:

Las interacciones sociales son impulsores reconocidos de la transmisión de patógenos.
El papel de los mutualistas y comensales socialmente transmisibles en la salud del huésped está insuficientemente explorado.

Objetivo del estudio:

Introducir y analizar el concepto de microbioma social.
Investigar las implicaciones de la transmisión microbiana social para la salud y las enfermedades del huésped.
Evaluar el papel de los microbios socialmente transmisibles en los procesos de ecoevolución y transmisión.

Principales métodos:

Análisis conceptual utilizando el marco del "microbioma social".
Investigación de la dinámica de transmisión microbiana dentro de las redes sociales.
Evaluación de los impactos en los procesos de la comunidad microbiana y las funciones microbianas.

Principales resultados:

La transmisión microbiana social influye en la resistencia a la colonización, la evolución de la virulencia y las respuestas a las perturbaciones ecológicas.
La transmisión de microbios con efectos metabólicos, inmunológicos e interespecíficos es significativa.
La transmisión social afecta a las enfermedades transmisibles y no transmisibles, incluidas las que normalmente no se consideran infecciosas.

Conclusiones:

Los mutualistas y comensales socialmente transmisibles juegan un papel subestimado en la salud del huésped.
El microbioma social es un factor clave en los determinantes sociales de la salud.
La transmisión microbiana social puede ser una fuerza oculta en la evolución social.

Palabras clave:

Resistencia a los antibióticos Los antibióticos Enfermedades transmisibles Imunidad Transmisión microbiana La microbiota Enfermedades no transmisibles Determinantes sociales de la salud Evolución social las redes sociales Transmisión social el virus social

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