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Coordinación de las actividades de red distribuidas por el cerebro en la memoria resistente a la extinción

Charlie J Clarke-Williams¹, Vítor Lopes-Dos-Santos¹, Laura Lefèvre¹

¹Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TH, UK.

|January 19, 2024

Resumen

Los recuerdos sólidos, como los que impulsan el comportamiento de búsqueda de cocaína, están organizados por la actividad coordinada del cerebro. Específicamente, un patrón de mayor orden de oscilaciones de frecuencia beta en múltiples regiones del cerebro subyace a la recuperación y renovación de la memoria.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Neurociencia del comportamiento
Neurociencia de los sistemas

Sus antecedentes:

Los recuerdos persistentes, particularmente los relacionados con comportamientos inadaptados como la adicción, a menudo son resistentes a la extinción.
La base neuronal de cómo la actividad neuronal ampliamente distribuida a través de múltiples regiones cerebrales organiza estos comportamientos robustos guiados por la memoria sigue sin estar clara.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la organización colectiva de las actividades neuronales dispersas que subyacen al comportamiento guiado por la memoria persistente.
Explorar los mecanismos neuronales detrás de la renovación de los recuerdos asociados a la cocaína después de la extinción.

Principales métodos:

Monitoreo simultáneo de la actividad neuronal en la corteza prefrontal, el núcleo accumbens, la amígdala, el hipocampo y el área tegmental ventral (VTA) en ratones.
Análisis de las oscilaciones neuronales durante las fases de recuperación, extinción y renovación de la memoria asociada a la cocaína.
Investigar el papel de las vías de salida VTA y las bandas de frecuencia específicas (beta y theta) en la expresión de la memoria.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó un patrón de orden superior de actividades de frecuencia beta transitoriamente coordinadas y de corta duración (15-25 Hz) en múltiples redes cerebrales durante la recuperación de la memoria.
Se encontró que una vía divergente de las neuronas glutamatérgicas de VTA, acelerada por una oscilación de 4 Hz, impulsa esta coactivación de banda beta de múltiples redes.
La supresión de esta actividad neuronal en un circuito cerrado e informado por fase impidió la renovación del comportamiento sesgado por la cocaína.

Conclusiones:

La coordinación estructurada temporalmente de las actividades neuronales distribuidas por el cerebro, específicamente a través de oscilaciones de banda beta de múltiples redes, puede ser un principio organizativo clave para una expresión de memoria robusta.
Esta actividad coordinada, impulsada por las vías VTA, es crucial para la recuperación y renovación de los recuerdos asociados a las drogas.
Dirigirse a estas dinámicas neuronales específicas ofrece una estrategia potencial para prevenir la recaída de los comportamientos desadaptativos.

Palabras clave:

las amígdalas extinción El hipocampo el recuerdo el núcleo accumbens las oscilaciones La corteza prefrontal el retiro renovación Área tegmental ventral

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