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El aumento del oxígeno en la parte superior del océano tropical durante el máximo térmico del Paleoceno-Eoceno
Simone Moretti1,2, Alexandra Auderset1,3, Curtis Deutsch4
1Climate Geochemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 15, 2024
Resumen
El calentamiento global causa la desoxigenación del océano, pero los niveles de oxígeno en los trópicos pueden aumentar. Durante el Máximo Térmico Paleoceno-Eoceno (PETM), la evidencia sugiere que el oxígeno tropical aumentó, lo que potencialmente evitó extinciones masivas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoceanografía
- Ciencias del clima
- Biología marina
Sus antecedentes:
- El oxígeno global del océano está disminuyendo debido al calentamiento antropogénico.
- El futuro de las zonas con escasez de oxígeno en los trópicos sigue siendo incierto.
- El Máximo Térmico Paleoceno-Eoceno (PETM) ofrece un análogo valioso para los eventos de calentamiento actuales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la oxigenación del océano tropical durante el PETM.
- Para evaluar la respuesta de la zona tropical deficiente en oxígeno del Pacífico Norte al calentamiento.
- Para entender las implicaciones de los cambios en los niveles de oxígeno para la vida marina.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de isótopos de nitrógeno unidos a foraminiferos para reconstruir los niveles de oxígeno anteriores.
- Medición del tamaño de los foraminíferos como indicador de la disponibilidad de oxígeno.
- Comparación de datos empíricos con las simulaciones de modelos oceánicos.
Principales resultados:
- Los isótopos de nitrógeno indican una contracción de la zona tropical deficiente en oxígeno del Pacífico Norte durante el PETM.
- El aumento del tamaño de los foraminíferos sugiere un aumento de la disponibilidad de oxígeno en el subsuelo poco profundo.
- Los modelos oceánicos apoyan el hallazgo de que la disminución de la productividad biológica puede aumentar el oxígeno subterráneo tropical durante el calentamiento.
Conclusiones:
- El Pacífico Norte tropical experimentó oxigenación durante el PETM, en contraste con las tendencias mundiales de desoxigenación.
- Este aumento localizado de oxígeno puede haber mitigado la gravedad del evento de extinción masiva.
- El PETM proporciona información crucial sobre las posibles respuestas oceanográficas futuras al cambio climático.
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