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Los motivos de cableado sináptico en la corteza parietal posterior apoyan la toma de decisiones

Aaron T Kuan^1,2, Giulio Bondanelli^3,4, Laura N Driscoll^1,5

¹Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

|February 21, 2024

Resumen

Los investigadores descubrieron cómo las conexiones neuronales en la corteza parietal posterior (PPC) crean actividad selectiva de elección. Las neuronas excitatorias se conectan con las interneuronas inhibidoras con una selectividad similar, que luego se dirigen a las neuronas con selectividad opuesta, mejorando la toma de decisiones.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Neurociencia computacional
Neurociencia de los sistemas

Sus antecedentes:

La corteza parietal posterior (PPC) muestra actividad neuronal de elección selectiva durante la toma de decisiones perceptivas.
Los mecanismos sinápticos subyacentes a esta actividad selectiva en el PPC siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la relación entre la conectividad sináptica y la actividad neuronal selectiva en el PPC.
Comprender cómo los motivos de los circuitos neuronales contribuyen a los cálculos de toma de decisiones.

Principales métodos:

Tareas de comportamiento de realidad virtual combinadas con imágenes de calcio de dos fotones in vivo.
Utilizó microscopía electrónica de alto rendimiento para mapear las conexiones sinápticas.
Desarrolló y analizó modelos de circuitos neuronales para simular la función del circuito.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó un motivo de "inhibición oponente": las neuronas excitatorias se dirigen a las interneuronas inhibidoras con selectividad coincidente, que luego inhiben las neuronas piramidal con selectividad opuesta.
Este motivo se observó en las neuronas con picos de actividad en diferentes épocas de tareas.
Los modelos de circuito demostraron que la inhibición oponente amplifica las entradas selectivas, mejorando la codificación de información de tipo de prueba y generando actividad secuencial específica de la elección.

Conclusiones:

La conectividad sináptica, específicamente el motivo de inhibición del oponente, juega un papel crucial en la generación de la actividad de elección selectiva en el PPC.
Este mecanismo de circuito apoya la toma de decisiones aprendidas al mejorar la codificación de la información y la dinámica temporal.

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