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La singularidad macroevolucionaria de las serpientes
Pascal O Title1,2,3, Sonal Singhal3,4, Michael C Grundler3
1Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 22, 2024
Resumen
Las serpientes y los lagartos (Squamata) muestran notables adaptaciones evolutivas. Su diversificación, particularmente en las serpientes, ha remodelado los ecosistemas a través de estrategias depredadoras especializadas, impactando la biodiversidad de los vertebrados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva
- Zoología
- Ecología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las escúmadas (serpientes y lagartos) comprenden una porción significativa de los vertebrados terrestres.
- Muestran diversas innovaciones en la locomoción, la alimentación y los sistemas sensoriales.
- Los impulsores evolutivos detrás de su radiación no se comprenden bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las causas y consecuencias de la macroevolución de los escamados.
- Para entender la historia evolutiva y los patrones de diversificación de las serpientes y lagartos.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó observaciones de historia natural basadas en individuos de más de 60,000 animales.
- Construyó una filogenia calibrada en el tiempo utilizando datos genómicos de 1018 especies (5400 loci).
Principales resultados:
- Cambios identificados en la especiación y la dinámica de la evolución fenotípica en las serpientes.
- Se ha demostrado el origen recurrente y la diversificación de estrategias depredadoras especializadas en las serpientes.
- Mostró cómo las serpientes han transformado las estructuras tróficas en las comunidades animales.
Conclusiones:
- La biodiversidad de los escamados está moldeada por la contingencia histórica y la evolución temprana de las serpientes.
- Los eventos evolutivos singulares en las serpientes han tenido un profundo impacto en la biodiversidad de los vertebrados.
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