Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jul 2, 2025
05:33
Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
Published on: August 12, 2013
21.7K
Conducción de iones de litio ultrarrápida habilitada para canales de ligandos
Di Lu1, Ruhong Li1, Muhammad Mominur Rahman2
1State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Nature
|February 28, 2024
Resumen
Las nuevas directrices de diseño de electrolitos que utilizan disolventes de pequeño tamaño permiten a las baterías de iones de litio (LIB) lograr una alta densidad de energía, carga rápida y amplias temperaturas de funcionamiento. Este avance aborda las limitaciones clave de la tecnología LIB actual para vehículos eléctricos y aviación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- La electroquímica
- Almacenamiento de energía
Sus antecedentes:
- Los vehículos eléctricos y la aviación requieren baterías de iones de litio (LIB) con alta densidad de energía, carga rápida y amplios rangos de temperatura de funcionamiento.
- Los electrolitos LIB actuales se enfrentan a limitaciones para lograr simultáneamente una alta conductividad iónica, una baja energía de solvatación, un bajo punto de fusión y la formación de una interfase inorgánica estable.
- Estas limitaciones obstaculizan el desarrollo de LIB avanzados para aplicaciones exigentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Establecer directrices para el diseño de electrolitos LIB avanzados.
- Para permitir electrolitos que al mismo tiempo poseen alta conductividad iónica, baja energía de disolución y forman una interfase inorgánica derivada de aniones.
- Para superar las limitaciones de los diseños de electrolitos actuales para aplicaciones de LIB extremas.
Principales métodos:
- Propuso una estrategia de diseño utilizando disolventes de pequeño tamaño con baja energía de solvatación.
- Se demostró el concepto utilizando el fluoroacetonitrilo (FAN) como disolvente.
- Investigó el rendimiento del electrolito en 1,3 M de litio bis (fluorosulfonil) imida (LiFSI) en FAN.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha logrado una conductividad iónica ultraalta (40,3 mS cm−1 a 25°C y 11,9 mS cm−1 a -70°C).
- Las celdas de bolsa de grafito de LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 habilitadas para mantener una alta reversibilidad (-65°C).
- Demostrado logro simultáneo de alta densidad de energía, carga rápida y amplias temperaturas de funcionamiento.
Conclusiones:
- El diseño del electrolito solvente de pequeño tamaño permite a los LIB superar las compensaciones de rendimiento anteriores.
- Este enfoque facilita el desarrollo de LIB para aplicaciones de temperaturas extremas.
- El mecanismo propuesto es generalizable a otros electrolitos de baterías de iones metálicos.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:19Ligand-gated Ion Channels
12.4K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
12.4K
01:30Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
2.2K
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
2.2K
01:19Facilitated Transport
11.8K
The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
11.8K
01:26Voltage-gated Ion Channels
8.2K
Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several...
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several...
8.2K
01:24Non-gated Ion Channels
6.8K
Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
6.8K
01:12Mechanically-gated Ion Channels
6.4K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
6.4K