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La movilidad auto-mejorada permite la formación de patrones de vórtice en la materia viva

Haoran Xu¹, Yilin Wu²

¹Department of Physics and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China.

|March 14, 2024

Resumen

La densa materia viva bacteriana forma a gran escala, patrones ordenados de vórtices giratorios. Esta autoorganización es impulsada por las interacciones físicas y la movilidad celular mejorada, revelando un nuevo mecanismo para la formación de patrones en la materia activa.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Física de la materia activa
La autoorganización biológica
Microbiología

Sus antecedentes:

Los sistemas vivos exhiben estructuras auto-organizadas desde los niveles subcelulares hasta los organismos.
La formación de patrones biológicos a menudo se basa en la señalización química, pero las interacciones físicas también pueden impulsar el orden.

Objetivo del estudio:

Descubrir un nuevo mecanismo físico para la formación de patrones auto-organizados en sistemas bacterianos densos.
Investigar el surgimiento de estructuras espaciales a gran escala impulsadas por interacciones físicas.

Principales métodos:

Observación de las suspensiones bacterianas densas.
Análisis de seguimiento de una sola célula.
Simulaciones numéricas.

Principales resultados:

La densa materia viva bacteriana formó espontáneamente una red a escala de centímetros de vórtices de mezoscala y de rápido giro.
Cada vórtice contenía 10^4-10^5 células bacterianas móviles con orden hexagonal.
La movilidad celular auto-mejorada, impulsada por las tensiones colectivas, permitió esta formación de patrones.

Conclusiones:

La movilidad auto-mejorada proporciona un mecanismo físico simple para la formación de patrones en los sistemas vivos.
Este hallazgo es relevante para los sistemas de materia activa cerca de la transición fluido-sólido.