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Examinando la mortalidad excesiva asociada con la pandemia de COVID-19 para los inquilinos amenazados con desalojo

Nick Graetz¹, Peter Hepburn², Carl Gershenson¹

¹Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.

|March 18, 2024

Resumen

Los inquilinos que enfrentan solicitudes de desalojo experimentaron un aumento del 106% en el exceso de mortalidad durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Esto pone de relieve el vínculo crítico entre la inestabilidad de la vivienda y los resultados de la salud pública, especialmente durante las crisis de salud.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud pública
Epidemiología
Sociología

Sus antecedentes:

La pandemia de COVID-19 exacerbó las disparidades de salud existentes, afectando desproporcionadamente a las poblaciones vulnerables.
Los desalojos residenciales, un marcador de inestabilidad de la vivienda, pueden haber contribuido al aumento de la mortalidad durante la pandemia.

Objetivo del estudio:

Estimar el exceso de mortalidad asociado con la pandemia de COVID-19 entre los inquilinos que recibieron solicitudes de desalojo (inquilinos amenazados).
Comparar el exceso de mortalidad en los inquilinos amenazados con el de la población general y los residentes de áreas de alta pobreza.

Principales métodos:

Un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo que utiliza un marco de mortalidad excesiva.
Se compararon los registros vinculados de desalojos y muertes de 2020-2021 con la mortalidad proyectada de los datos de 2010-2016.
Se establecieron dos grupos de comparación: la población general y las personas en áreas de alta pobreza y alta presentación.

Principales resultados:

Los inquilinos amenazados experimentaron una mortalidad observada un 106% mayor en comparación con los niveles esperados durante el período de estudio de 20 meses.
El exceso de mortalidad en los inquilinos amenazados (106% de aumento) fue significativamente mayor que en vecindarios similares (25% de aumento) y en la población general (9% de aumento).
Se observaron ratios positivos de exceso de mortalidad en todos los grupos de edad entre los inquilinos amenazados.

Conclusiones:

Los inquilinos que se enfrentaron a solicitudes de desalojo experimentaron un exceso sustancial de mortalidad durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
La inestabilidad de la vivienda, indicada por las solicitudes de desalojo, es un factor importante que contribuye a los resultados adversos para la salud y la mortalidad durante las crisis de salud pública.
Las políticas que abordan la seguridad de la vivienda son cruciales para mitigar las disparidades de salud y mejorar la resiliencia de la salud de la población.

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