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Cuadros orgánicos covalentes coordinados por metales como anfitriones bifuncionales avanzados para cátodos de azufre

Sen Lv¹, Xingkai Ma¹, Siwen Ke¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Tianchang New Materials and Energy Technology Research Center, Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|March 21, 2024

Resumen

Un nuevo marco orgánico covalente coordinado por metales (COF, por sus siglas en inglés) suprime efectivamente el transporte de polisulfuro y el crecimiento de dendritas de litio en baterías de litio-azufre (Li-S, por sus siglas en inglés). Este material anfitrión bifuncional mejora el rendimiento y la estabilidad de la batería Li-S.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
La electroquímica
Nanotecnología

Sus antecedentes:

Las baterías de litio-azufre (Li-S) ofrecen una alta densidad de energía teórica, pero se enfrentan a desafíos.
El transporte de polisulfuro y el crecimiento de dendrito de litio limitan su aplicación práctica y la vida útil del ciclo.

Objetivo del estudio:

Diseñar y sintetizar un material anfitrión bifuncional para cátodos y ánodos de baterías Li-S.
Para abordar el transporte de polisulfuro y el crecimiento de dendrito de litio simultáneamente.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de un marco orgánico covalente 3D coordinado por metales (COF) con centros de níquel-bis-diotioleno y triazina rica en N (NiS4-TAPT).
Caracterización del NiS4-TAPT como material de acogida para las baterías Li-S.

Principales resultados:

El NiS4-TAPT adsorbe y convierte eficazmente los polisulfuros debido a la abundancia de centros de Ni y sitios de N.
Los centros de Ni-bis ((dietioleno) promueven la nucleación uniforme de litio, suprimiendo el crecimiento de las dendritas.
Se ha demostrado una mejora del rendimiento y la estabilidad de las baterías Li-S utilizando el anfitrión bifuncional.

Conclusiones:

Los COF coordinados por metal pueden diseñarse racionalmente como anfitriones bifuncionales para baterías secundarias de alto rendimiento.
La integración de sitios catalíticos y de adsorción optimiza las interacciones huésped-intermedio en las baterías Li-S.

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