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Electrolito basado en ésteres de carbonato que permite a la batería recargable de Zn lograr un alto voltaje y una
Kang Zhou1, Gaopan Liu1, Xiaomeng Yu1
1Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Institute of New Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 21, 2024
Resumen
Un nuevo electrolito a base de éster de carbonato con una nueva sal de zinc (Zn(BHFip) 2 mejora el rendimiento de la batería de zinc. Este electrolito mejora la utilización del zinc y permite el funcionamiento de alta tensión en células completas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La electroquímica
- Ciencias de los materiales
Sus antecedentes:
- Los electrolitos acuosos en las baterías de zinc tienen ventanas electroquímicas limitadas y sufren la evolución del hidrógeno, lo que dificulta el rendimiento de alto voltaje.
- Los ésteres de carbonato ofrecen una alta estabilidad anódica, pero luchan con la solubilidad de las sales de zinc, lo que limita su uso en baterías de metal de zinc.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un electrolito estable y de alto rendimiento para baterías metálicas de zinc utilizando ésteres de carbonato.
- Para superar las limitaciones de solubilidad de las sales de zinc en disolventes aproticos.
Principales métodos:
- Formulación de un electrolito a base de éster de carbonato (EC:DMC:EMC) con una nueva sal de zinc, el bis ((hexafluoroisopropil) amida de zinc (Zn ((BHFip) 2).
- Investigación de las propiedades del electrolito, incluida la solubilidad de las sales de zinc y el comportamiento interfacial.
- Prueba de las celdas simétricas de Zn//Zn y de las celdas completas (Zn//LiMn2O4, Zn//LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) para evaluar el rendimiento.
Principales resultados:
- La nueva sal Zn(BHFip) 2 muestra una excelente solubilidad en el electrolito del éster de carbonato.
- El electrolito facilita la formación de una interfase de electrolito sólido conductor Zn2+ (SEI) en el ánodo y una interfase de electrolito protectora del cátodo (CEI).
- Las celdas simétricas de Zn/Zn lograron un 91% de utilización de zinc durante 125 horas. Las celdas completas demostraron un ciclo estable a 1,7 V y un funcionamiento de alta tensión superior a 2,2 V.
Conclusiones:
- El electrolito propuesto a base de éster de carbonato con Zn(BHFip) 2 mejora significativamente el rendimiento de las baterías de metal de zinc.
- Este sistema de electrolitos ofrece una solución prometedora para las baterías de zinc de alta tensión al mejorar la utilización del ánodo y la estabilidad de la interfaz.
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