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Relojes ópticos en el mar
Jonathan D Roslund1, Arman Cingöz2, William D Lunden2
1Vector Atomic, Inc., Pleasanton, CA, USA. jon@vectoratomic.com.
Nature
|April 24, 2024
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron relojes ópticos compactos para plataformas móviles. Estos relojes avanzados ofrecen una alta precisión e insensibilidad ambiental, cruciales para la navegación y las futuras redes de cronometraje.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La física
- Metrología
- Tecnología cuántica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los relojes ópticos de laboratorio logran una alta precisión (por debajo de 10-18 inexactitudes fraccionarias).
- Los relojes ópticos transportables existentes tienen limitaciones en tamaño, sensibilidad ambiental y costo, lo que restringe su utilidad.
- El tiempo preciso es crítico para la navegación, el monitoreo geofísico y las redes cuánticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar relojes ópticos compactos y respetuosos con el medio ambiente, adecuados para funcionar en plataformas móviles.
- Demostrar la viabilidad del uso de relojes ópticos avanzados en entornos marítimos difíciles.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de un reloj óptico de 35 litros que integra un espectrómetro de yodo molecular, un peine de frecuencia de fibra y una electrónica de control.
- Funcionamiento continuo y prueba de tres relojes de este tipo a bordo de un buque naval durante 20 días.
Principales resultados:
- Los relojes ópticos desarrollados demostraron insensibilidad a las condiciones ambientales y funcionaron continuamente en el mar.
- Los errores de sincronización acumulados fueron inferiores a 300 picosegundos por día.
- Los relojes alcanzaron un rendimiento comparable al de los masers de hidrógeno activo, pero en una décima parte del volumen.
Conclusiones:
- Este trabajo presenta un avance significativo en la tecnología de reloj óptico, permitiendo su despliegue en plataformas móviles.
- La exitosa demostración marítima supera los desafíos históricos de la operación de relojes de alto rendimiento en el mar.
- Esto allana el camino para futuras redes ópticas de cronometraje y sistemas de navegación mejorados.
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