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El impacto positivo de las acciones de conservación

Penny F Langhammer^1,2, Joseph W Bull^3,4,5, Jake E Bicknell⁴

¹Re:wild, PO Box 129, Austin, TX 78767, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 25, 2024

Resumen

Las acciones de conservación benefician significativamente a la biodiversidad, con dos tercios de los estudios que muestran mejoras o disminuciones más lentas. Las estrategias efectivas incluyen el control de especies invasoras, la restauración del hábitat y las áreas protegidas, lo que pone de relieve la necesidad de aumentar los esfuerzos de conservación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología
Biología de la conservación
Ciencias del medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

La pérdida global de biodiversidad es un problema crítico, lo que lleva a nuevos objetivos internacionales de conservación.
Comprender la eficacia de las acciones de conservación es esencial para alcanzar estos objetivos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Realizar un metanálisis global que evalúe los resultados de las acciones de conservación de la biodiversidad.
Proporcionar pruebas sólidas sobre las tasas de éxito y el impacto de diversas intervenciones de conservación.

Principales métodos:

Se realizó un metanálisis de 186 estudios que incluían 665 ensayos.
Se midieron los cambios en la biodiversidad a lo largo del tiempo, comparando las acciones de conservación con un contrafactual de "no acción".

Principales resultados:

Las acciones de conservación fueron efectivas en dos tercios de los casos, ya sea mejorando la biodiversidad o mitigando la disminución.
Las intervenciones como el control de especies invasoras, la restauración del hábitat, las áreas protegidas y la gestión sostenible demostraron una alta eficacia con grandes tamaños de efecto.

Conclusiones:

Las acciones de conservación tienen un éxito demostrado en la preservación y restauración de la biodiversidad.
Se requiere un aumento significativo de estas estrategias de conservación probadas para alcanzar los objetivos mundiales de biodiversidad.

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