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Updated: Jun 22, 2025
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In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography
Published on: February 16, 2016
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Exceso de mortalidad y pérdida de esperanza de vida después de un infarto de miocardio: un estudio de cohorte basado
Christian Reitan1, Pontus Andell2, Joakim Alfredsson3
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital (C.R., T.J.), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Circulation
|July 5, 2024
Resumen
El infarto de miocardio (IM) reduce significativamente la esperanza de vida, especialmente para los individuos más jóvenes, las mujeres y las personas con fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda reducida (LVEF). Sin embargo, los tratamientos de MI han reducido casi a la mitad esta pérdida de esperanza de vida en 30 años.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
Sus antecedentes:
- Estudiar el impacto del infarto de miocardio (IM) en la esperanza de vida es un desafío debido a su prevalencia.
- Este estudio compara la esperanza de vida en individuos con infarto de miocardio con controles emparejados sin antecedentes de infarto de miocardio.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el impacto del infarto en la esperanza de vida.
- Para analizar estos efectos basados en la edad, el sexo y la fracción de eyección ventricular izquierda (LVEF).
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó el registro SWEDEHEART, haciendo coincidir a 335.748 pacientes con MI con 1.625.396 controles.
- Se emplearon modelos paramétricos flexibles de supervivencia para estimar el exceso de mortalidad y la pérdida de esperanza de vida (LOLE).
- Ajustado por edad, sexo, región, año de índice y LVEF.
Principales resultados:
- Se observó un nivel más alto de LOLE en individuos más jóvenes, mujeres y personas con un FEVV reducido (< 50%).
- En 2022, LOLE varió de 9,5 años para mujeres de 50 años con LVEF reducido a 3,7 meses para hombres de 80 años con LVEF preservado.
- Entre 1992 y 2022, el promedio ajustado de LOLE disminuyó en un 36%-55% en todos los grupos de edad y sexo.
Conclusiones:
- El LOLE es más alto en pacientes más jóvenes, mujeres y aquellos con un LVEF reducido, pero esto se atenúa por las comorbilidades.
- Los avances en el tratamiento del infarto de miocardio en 30 años han reducido casi a la mitad el LOLE, mostrando una tendencia descendente continua.
Palabras clave:
Estudios de cohorteesperanza de vidaInfarto de miocardioel pronósticoFactores de riesgoFunción ventricular izquierdaMás Videos Relacionados
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