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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

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Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into ...
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Bone Disorders01:29

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Culturing and Measuring Fetal and Newborn Murine Long Bones
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Una hormona del cerebro materno que construye hueso

Muriel E Babey1, William C Krause2, Kun Chen3

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Nature
|July 10, 2024
PubMed
Resumen

El factor 3 de la red de comunicación celular (CCN3) de las neuronas cerebrales construye el hueso en las madres lactantes. Esta hormona apoya la masa ósea y asegura la supervivencia de la descendencia, ofreciendo nuevas terapias potenciales para la pérdida ósea.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neuroendocrinología
  • Biología esquelética
  • Biología de la reproducción

Sus antecedentes:

  • La lactancia provoca una pérdida ósea significativa en las madres debido a las altas demandas de calcio.
  • Los niveles de estrógeno disminuyen después del parto, reduciendo la protección ósea.
  • Un fenotipo óseo denso previamente observado en mujeres sugirió un factor humoral involucrado.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Identificar el factor humoral responsable de la regulación de la masa ósea durante la lactancia.
  • Investigar el papel del factor 3 de la red de comunicación celular (CCN3) derivado del cerebro en el metabolismo óseo.
  • Para determinar si la CCN3 actúa como una hormona osteoanabólica.

Principales métodos:

  • Identificación de CCN3 como el factor humoral secretado por las neuronas del núcleo arqueado KISS1 (ARCKISS1).
  • Evaluación del efecto de CCN3 en la actividad de las células madre esqueléticas de ratón y humano in vitro.
  • Evaluar el impacto de CCN3 en la remodelación ósea y la reparación de fracturas en ratones.
  • Manipulación de la expresión de CCN3 en las neuronas ARC de ratones lactantes.

Principales resultados:

  • CCN3 estimula la actividad de las células madre esqueléticas y el potencial osteocondrogénico.
  • CCN3 promueve la remodelación ósea y acelera la reparación de fracturas en ratones jóvenes y viejos.
  • La reducción de los niveles de CCN3 en madres lactantes condujo a la pérdida ósea y al deterioro de la supervivencia de la descendencia en una dieta baja en calcio.
  • La expresión de CCN3 en las neuronas KISS1 aumenta durante la lactancia.

Conclusiones:

  • CCN3 es una nueva hormona osteoanabólica derivada del cerebro crucial para mantener la masa ósea durante la lactancia.
  • CCN3 actúa como una hormona materna esencial para la supervivencia de la descendencia.
  • CCN3 representa un objetivo terapéutico potencial para el tratamiento de la pérdida ósea en ambos sexos.