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Polímeros supramoleculares fotorresponsivos con capacidad de plegamiento dentro de la cadena y de agregación entre

Kenta Tamaki¹, Sougata Datta², Hiroki Hanayama³

¹Division of Advanced Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|July 25, 2024

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo sistema de polímero supramolecular que exhibe tanto el plegamiento de la cadena como la agregación. Este sistema pasa de polímeros plegados a agregados cristalinos, con la fotoisomerización controlando la velocidad de ordenamiento.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia de los Polímeros
Química supramolecular
Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

El plegado y la agregación de la cadena de polímeros son cruciales para determinar las propiedades del material.
Los sistemas que exhiben simultáneamente plegamiento y agregación no están bien documentados.
Comprender esta competencia es clave para el diseño de polímeros avanzados.

Objetivo del estudio:

Introducir un nuevo sistema de polímero supramolecular que demuestre tanto el plegamiento como la agregación.
Investigar el mecanismo de transición de los polímeros plegados a los agregados cristalinos.
Explorar la influencia de la fotoisomerización en la dinámica de ordenamiento de los polímeros.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de polímeros supramoleculares que incorporan el trans-azobenceno.
Observación de la agregación y cristalización espontáneas entre cadenas.
Utilizando la microscopía de fuerza atómica (AFM) para visualizar estructuras intermedias.
Utilizando la fotoisomerización (trans-to-cis) para desencadenar el despliegue y el ordenamiento.

Principales resultados:

Se desarrolló un nuevo sistema de polímero supramolecular capaz de plegarse y agregarse.
Polímeros plegados reorganizados espontáneamente en agregados cristalinos a través de la agregación entre cadenas.
La fotoisomerización del polímero inducido por el trans-azobenzeno se despliega, acelerando el orden a horas.
Las imágenes de AFM revelaron que el despliegue está directamente asociado con la agregación entre cadenas.

Conclusiones:

Este estudio presenta el primer sistema de polímero supramolecular que exhibe plegamiento y agregación acoplados.
Los hallazgos ofrecen nuevos conocimientos sobre el control del autoensamblaje de polímeros a través de estímulos externos como la luz.
El sistema desarrollado proporciona una plataforma para el diseño de materiales sensibles con propiedades físicas ajustables.

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