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Transferencia acelerada de protones en unidades activas asimétricas para una reacción de evolución de oxígeno ácido

Liming Deng¹, Sung-Fu Hung², Shuyi Liu¹

¹College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|August 7, 2024

Resumen

Los nuevos catalizadores de óxido de rutenio con unidades activas asimétricas superan los problemas de durabilidad en la electrólisis del agua de la membrana de intercambio de protones. Este avance mejora el rendimiento y la estabilidad de la reacción de evolución del oxígeno para aplicaciones industriales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias de los materiales
La electroquímica
Catálisis

Sus antecedentes:

Los catalizadores basados en rutenio (Ru) son cruciales para la electrólisis del agua de la membrana de intercambio de protones (PEMWE), pero sufren de mala durabilidad en condiciones ácidas.
Los catalizadores de RuO2 existentes se enfrentan a limitaciones de actividad y estabilidad para la reacción de evolución del oxígeno (OER).

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar catalizadores duraderos y altamente activos basados en Ru para la reacción de evolución del oxígeno ácido (OER) en PEMWE.
Superar las limitaciones de actividad y estabilidad inherentes al RuO2 mediante la introducción de unidades activas asimétricas.

Principales métodos:

Óxidos de solución sólida binaria sintetizados de Ru1-xMxO2 (M = Sb, In, Sn) con unidades activas asimétricas.
Investigó las propiedades estructurales y electrónicas de los catalizadores, centrándose en las interacciones Ru-O-Sb.
Evaluación del rendimiento catalítico en OER ácido y PEMWE en condiciones industriales.

Principales resultados:

Se construyeron unidades asimétricas Ru-O-Sb con una fuerte deslocalización de electrones, mejorando la integridad estructural.
El catalizador Ru0.8Sb0.2O2 optimizado exhibió un bajo sobrepotencial (160 mV a 10 mA cm-2) y una estabilidad excepcional (1100 h).
El Ru0.8Sb0.2O2 preparado a escala demostró un rendimiento PEMWE eficiente en condiciones industriales.

Conclusiones:

La introducción de sitios metálicos de bloque p resistentes al ácido en RuO2 crea unidades activas asimétricas que mejoran la actividad y la estabilidad de OER.
El transporte mejorado de protones en unidades asimétricas Ru-O-M proporciona una nueva vía para el OER ácido, rompiendo la relación de escala sin comprometer la durabilidad.
El catalizador Ru0.8Sb0.2O2 desarrollado representa un avance significativo para las aplicaciones prácticas de PEMWE.

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