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El estado oligomérico y la unión a fármacos de la proteína de envoltura del SARS-CoV-2 son sensibles al ectodominio
Noah H Somberg1, Iva Sučec1, João Medeiros-Silva1
1Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 170 Albany Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 21, 2024
Resumen
La proteína del sobre (E) del SARS-CoV-2 existe en múltiples formas, no sólo en pentámeros. El nuevo inhibidor AV-352 se dirige a los dímeros de la proteína E, ofreciendo una nueva estrategia antiviral potencial.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Biología estructural
- La bioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- La proteína del sobre (E) del SARS-CoV-2 es crucial para el brote viral y la actividad del canal iónico, contribuyendo a la patogenicidad.
- Estudios anteriores sugirieron que el dominio transmembrana de la proteína E (ETM) forma pentámeros en las bicapas lipídicas.
- La base estructural para la función de la proteína E y las interacciones farmacológicas sigue sin estar clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la estructura oligomérica de un constructo de proteína E que contiene ectodominio (ENTM).
- Para explorar la interacción de un nuevo inhibidor, AV-352, con la proteína E.
- Comprender la base estructural de las diversas funciones de la proteína E y la posible orientación de fármacos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la RMN de difusión de espín 19F para determinar los estados oligoméricos ENTM en las bicapas lipídicas.
- Se utilizaron ensayos de partículas parecidas a virus para evaluar la actividad inhibidora (AV-352 frente a HMA).
- Aplicó técnicas de RMN a distancia 13C-19F para mapear las interacciones proteína-fármaco.
Principales resultados:
- ENTM adopta un estado dimérico promedio en bicapas lipídicas, en contraste con la ETM pentamérica reportada anteriormente.
- El nuevo inhibidor AV-352 demuestra una mayor actividad contra la proteína E en comparación con la HMA.
- AV-352 se une a la región C-terminal del dominio transmembrana de la proteína E.
Conclusiones:
- La proteína E del SARS-CoV-2 puede existir en múltiples estados oligoméricos (por ejemplo, dímeros y pentámeros) en las bicapas lipídicas.
- Estas formas oligoméricas distintas pueden poseer diferentes funciones.
- La unión específica de AV-352 a la forma dimérica sugiere potencial para terapias antivirales dirigidas.
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