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Las proteínas ras de levadura y mamíferos han conservado propiedades bioquímicas
Nature
|February 21, 1985
Resumen
Las proteínas ras de levadura se unen a GTP y GDP, de manera similar a las proteínas ras de los mamíferos. Las mutaciones oncogénicas reducen la hidrólisis de GTP tanto en las proteínas ras de levadura como en las de mamíferos, lo que sugiere funciones conservadas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los oncogenes ras de mamíferos codifican las proteínas p21 que se unen a GTP/GDP.
- Las proteínas ras oncogénicas tienen aminoácidos alterados en posiciones específicas (Gly 12, Ala 59, Gln 61).
- Las proteínas p21 normales poseen actividad hidrolítica de GTP, reducida por sustituciones oncogénicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las funciones bioquímicas de las proteínas relacionadas con las ras de levadura (SC1 y SC2).
- Para comparar las actividades de unión a GTP e hidrolitos de las proteínas ras de levadura con sus contrapartes de mamíferos.
- Para determinar si las sustituciones oncogénicas en las proteínas ras de levadura afectan a la hidrólisis de GTP.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de homología de secuencia entre proteínas ras de levadura y mamíferos.
- Ensayos de vinculación de GTP y PIB para los dominios N-terminales de las levaduras ras.
- Ensayos de actividad de la GTPasa para las proteínas de tipo salvaje y mutantes de levadura ras.
Principales resultados:
- Los genes RASsc1 y RASsc2 de la levadura codifican proteínas homólogas a las de los mamíferos p21.
- El dominio N-terminal de SC1 une GTP y GDP.
- Las mutaciones análogas a las sustituciones oncogénicas de mamíferos (SC1[Thr 66], SC1[Leu 68]) redujeron la actividad hidrolítica de GTP.
Conclusiones:
- Las proteínas ras de levadura comparten similitudes bioquímicas con las proteínas ras de mamíferos.
- La unión y la hidrólisis de GTP son funciones conservadas en todas las especies.
- Las sustituciones oncogénicas perjudican la actividad de la GTPasa tanto en las proteínas ras de levadura como en las de mamíferos, lo que implica funciones biológicas conservadas.
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