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Dinámica de todo el cerebro que vincula la sensación a la acción durante la toma de decisiones
Andrei Khilkevich1, Michael Lohse2, Ryan Low3
1Sainsbury Wellcome Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University College London, London, UK. a.khilkevich@ucl.ac.uk.
Nature
|September 11, 2024
Resumen
El aprendizaje transforma la actividad neuronal en todo el cerebro para la toma de decisiones. La integración de la evidencia y la preparación para la acción se alinean en muchas regiones del cerebro, lo que permite transformaciones sensorimotrices paralelas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Ciencias cognitivas
- Neurociencia computacional
Sus antecedentes:
- Las decisiones perceptivas vinculan la entrada sensorial a las acciones a través de la integración de la evidencia.
- La orquestación del procesamiento sensorial, la acumulación de evidencia y el control motor en las áreas cerebrales sigue siendo poco comprendida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo la actividad neuronal en todo el cerebro orquesta las transformaciones de la entrada sensorial a la ejecución de la acción durante la toma de decisiones.
- Mapear el flujo de información a través de las regiones cerebrales durante las decisiones perceptivas aprendidas.
Principales métodos:
- Actividad neuronal registrada en todo el cerebro en ratones que realizan una tarea de reporte de evidencia visual.
- Analizó la dinámica de la población neural relacionada con la integración de la evidencia, la preparación del movimiento y la ejecución.
Principales resultados:
- La integración de la evidencia surgió en áreas cerebrales generalizadas, impulsando la actividad de preparación para el movimiento.
- Información visual transformada de respuestas sensoriales transitorias a representaciones sostenidas que apoyan la acumulación de evidencia paralela.
- La actividad compartida de la población codificó la evidencia y la preparación del movimiento, distinta de la ejecución del movimiento.
- Las escalas de tiempo de integración de la evidencia dependían de la experiencia de la tarea, no intrínsecas a las regiones cerebrales.
Conclusiones:
- El aprendizaje alinea la acumulación de evidencia con la preparación para la acción en numerosas regiones del cerebro.
- La toma de decisiones implica transformaciones sensoriomotrices muy distribuidas y paralelas.
- Se propone un marco para todo el cerebro para comprender cómo las pruebas sensoriales guían las acciones.
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