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El Mega El Niño instigó la extinción masiva de finales del Permiano
Yadong Sun1,2, Alexander Farnsworth3,4, Michael M Joachimski2
1State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, P.R. China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 12, 2024
Resumen
Los eventos intensificados de El Niño, impulsados por el aumento del dióxido de carbono, causaron la extinción masiva de finales del Pérmico. Esto condujo a catástrofes ambientales en cascada, incluida la deforestación y el colapso de los arrecifes, lo que resultó en una pérdida generalizada de especies.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleoclimatología
- Ciencias geológicas
- Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- El principal impulsor de la extinción masiva del final del Pérmico sigue siendo objeto de debate.
- La geografía única de Pangea puede haber influido en la dinámica de extinción.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer una teoría unificadora para la extinción masiva del final del Pérmico.
- Para aclarar el papel de los eventos intensificados de El Niño en la conducción de la extinción.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos por múltiples proxies.
- Modelado del paleoclima.
Principales resultados:
- El CO2 atmosférico se duplicó en el último Pérmico, causando cambios en la circulación y intensificando El Niño.
- La intensificación de El Niño condujo a la deforestación, la desaparición de los arrecifes y la crisis del plancton.
- La reducción del secuestro de carbono creó un bucle de retroalimentación positivo, amplificando el calentamiento y los eventos de El Niño.
Conclusiones:
- Los efectos combinados de la variabilidad climática y el calentamiento causaron pérdidas terrestres y marinas catastróficas.
- Los eventos intensificados de El Niño fueron un factor clave en la extinción masiva de finales del Pérmico.
- El estudio establece un vínculo entre el aumento antropogénico de CO2 y los eventos de extinción masiva.
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