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Ocurrencias frecuentes de olas de calor y frío subterráneas en los remolinos oceánicos
Qingyou He1,2, Weikang Zhan1,2, Ming Feng3
1State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Nature
|October 16, 2024
Resumen
Las temperaturas extremas del océano bajo la superficie, como las olas de calor marinas y los períodos de frío, a menudo son impulsadas por remolinos oceánicos, no por eventos en la superficie. Estos extremos impulsados por los remolinos se están intensificando, impactando la vida marina debajo de la superficie del océano.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La oceanografía
- Ciencias del clima
- Biología marina
Sus antecedentes:
- Los eventos extremos de temperatura del océano, incluidas las olas de calor marinas (MHW) y los períodos de frío marino (MCS), están aumentando debido al calentamiento global.
- La investigación se ha centrado en los eventos superficiales, dejando los extremos oceánicos subterráneos y sus conductores poco estudiados.
- El océano subsuperficial alberga la mayor parte de la vida marina y es crucial para comprender los impactos climáticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de los remolinos de mesoscala en las olas de calor y frío marinos subterráneos.
- Para determinar los impulsores de los eventos de temperatura extrema bajo la superficie del océano.
- Evaluar las tendencias de intensificación de los eventos de temperatura extrema del océano subterráneo.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos de observación global para analizar las temperaturas extremas del océano subterráneo.
- Comparó los MHW y MCS subterráneos con los eventos de superficie y su correlación con los remolinos de mesoscala.
- Examinó la aparición de MHW y MCS subterráneos dentro de los remolinos anticiclónicos y ciclónicos.
Principales resultados:
- El 80% de los MHW y MCS subterráneos (por debajo de 100 m) no están asociados con eventos en la superficie.
- Los remolinos de mesoscala influyen significativamente en los MHW y MCS subterráneos, particularmente en los giros subtropicales y los sistemas de corriente principal.
- Las temperaturas extremas del subsuelo relacionadas con los remolinos se han intensificado más rápido que las temperaturas de fondo del océano.
Conclusiones:
- Los remolinos de mesoscala son los principales impulsores de los eventos de temperatura extrema del océano bajo la superficie.
- Los MHW y MCS subterráneos a menudo se desacoplan de los eventos superficiales.
- La influencia de los remolinos oceánicos en las temperaturas extremas del subsuelo está aumentando con el calentamiento global.
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