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Los desplazamientos verticales del lecho rocoso revelan el almacenamiento de agua en verano en la capa de hielo de
Jiangjun Ran1, Pavel Ditmar2, Michiel R van den Broeke3
1Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China. ranjj@sustech.edu.cn.
Nature
|October 31, 2024
Resumen
Groenlandia
Área de la Ciencia:
- Glaciología y Ciencia del Clima
- Ciencias de la Tierra y Planetarias
Sus antecedentes:
- La capa de hielo de Groenlandia (GrIS) es uno de los principales contribuyentes al aumento global del nivel del mar debido a la amplificación del Ártico.
- La comprensión de los procesos de agua englacial (acumulación, almacenamiento, liberación) es crucial pero poco restringida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para cuantificar el comportamiento espacio-temporal de la masa de agua de fusión que sale del GrIS.
- Evaluar el papel del agua de deshielo y su impacto en la deformación del lecho rocoso.
- Identificar posibles errores en las simulaciones de escurrimiento del modelo climático.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la deformación elástica del lecho rocoso mediante el uso de estaciones del Sistema Global de Navegación por Satélite (GNSS).
- Cuantificación de la masa de agua de deshielo a lo largo de la periferia de GrIS.
- Comparación de los datos derivados del GNSS con la escorrentía del modelo climático regional.
Principales resultados:
- El agua de deshielo en verano se amortigua significativamente a lo largo de la periferia de GrIS, alcanzando su punto máximo en julio.
- El agua de deshielo amortiguada causa un hundimiento del lecho rocoso de hasta aproximadamente 5 mm.
- La duración del almacenamiento del agua de deshielo varía según la región, de 4,5 a 9 semanas.
- Los modelos climáticos regionales pueden tener errores sistemáticos en la escorrentía, lo que requiere un escalamiento de hasta el 20% para los años cálidos.
Conclusiones:
- Los datos del GNSS proporcionan una herramienta poderosa para limitar los procesos hidrológicos poco conocidos en Groenlandia.
- Una mejor comprensión del amortiguamiento del agua de deshielo mejora las proyecciones de la futura fusión de GrIS y el aumento del nivel del mar.
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