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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
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Un largo ERNA no codificante forma bucles R para dar forma a la adaptación conductual inducida por la experiencia

Rose Marie Akiki1,2, Rebecca G Cornbrooks1, Kosuke Magami1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 12, 2024
PubMed
Resumen

Un nuevo ARN no codificante largo (lnc-eRNA) y su estructura de bucle R regulan la expresión génica de Npas4. Este mecanismo es crucial para las adaptaciones conductuales al estrés y la exposición a la cocaína en ratones.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia
  • Biología molecular
  • La genética

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las experiencias emocionales inducen la plasticidad neural, influyendo en el comportamiento y contribuyendo a los trastornos del estado de ánimo y el uso de sustancias.
  • Los genes de respuesta temprana inmediata, como Npas4 (proteína de dominio neuronal PAS 4), se activan por la experiencia y apoyan estas adaptaciones.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar el papel de un ARN no codificante largo específico (ARNlnc-e) en la regulación de la expresión génica de Npas4.
  • Determinar la función de las estructuras de bucle R mediadas por lnc-eRNA en la organización de la cromatina y la inducción génica.
  • Aclarar la participación de este mecanismo regulador en las adaptaciones conductuales al estrés y la exposición a las drogas.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de un lnc-eRNA conservado transcrito de un potenciador sensible a la actividad.
  • Investigación de la formación del bucle R híbrido ADN: ARN y su papel en el bucle potenciador-promotor.
  • Evaluación de la dinámica de inducción del gen Npas4.
  • Utilización de modelos de ratón para estudiar los cambios de comportamiento después del estrés psicosocial crónico y la exposición a la cocaína.

Principales resultados:

  • Un lnc-eRNA conservado forma estructuras de bucle R en un potenciador sensible a la actividad.
  • Estos bucles R facilitan el bucle tridimensional de cromatina entre el potenciador y el promotor proximal de Npas4.
  • Este proceso conduce a una rápida inducción del gen Npas4.
  • El Npas4 lnc-eRNA y su bucle R son esenciales para las adaptaciones conductuales inducidas por el estrés crónico y la exposición a la cocaína en ratones.

Conclusiones:

  • Un nuevo mecanismo regulador que involucra lnc-eRNA y R-loops controla la expresión del gen Npas4.
  • Este mecanismo juega un papel crítico en la mediación de la plasticidad del comportamiento en respuesta a experiencias emocionales, incluido el estrés y el uso de sustancias.
  • Los hallazgos sugieren un objetivo terapéutico potencial para los trastornos del estado de ánimo y el consumo de sustancias.