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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Cotranslational Protein Translocation01:20

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Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
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Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane01:28

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The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
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Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
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Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling
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Determinantes estructurales del conjunto de complejos proteicos co-traductivos

Saurav Mallik1, Johannes Venezian2, Arseniy Lobov1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7600001, Israel.

Cell
|December 21, 2024
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El ensamblaje de proteínas co-traductivas, donde las proteínas se ensamblan durante la síntesis, es impulsado por estructuras complejas. Este proceso implica subunidades inestables que se estabilizan entre sí, impactando la expresión génica y la proteostasis.

Palabras clave:
- ¿ Qué es eso ?ensamblaje co-traductivoLocalización del ARNmcomplejos proteicosInteracciones con las proteínasEstructura de las proteínasLa proteostasisPerfilamiento de los ribosomasFISH de una sola moléculaReglamento de traslación

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología molecular
  • Biología estructural
  • La genética

Sus antecedentes:

  • El ensamblaje complejo de proteínas es esencial para las funciones biológicas.
  • El ensamblaje co-traductivo, que ocurre durante la síntesis de proteínas, se reconoce cada vez más en las células humanas.
  • Se desconocen en gran medida los mecanismos subyacentes y los socios proteicos específicos involucrados en el ensamblaje co-traductivo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para aclarar las bases biológicas que rigen el ensamblaje co-traduccional.
  • Para identificar los pares de proteínas que se someten a ensamblaje durante la traducción.
  • Desarrollar un marco predictivo para el ensamblaje co-traductivo.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de las características estructurales de los complejos proteicos.
  • Utilizando las predicciones de AlphaFold2 para identificar firmas estructurales.
  • Validación experimental utilizando perfiles de ribosomas, perturbaciones de estequiometría y hibridación in situ por fluorescencia de ARN de una sola molécula (smFISH).

Principales resultados:

  • El ensamblaje co-traducional está dictado por las propiedades estructurales de los complejos de proteínas.
  • Las subunidades involucradas en el ensamblaje co-traductivo son inestables en aislamiento y se estabilizan mutuamente.
  • Las firmas estructurales y las predicciones de AlphaFold2 identificaron con precisión los pares de ensamblaje co-traducibles a una escala de proteoma en todas las especies.

Conclusiones:

  • Se estableció un vínculo fundamental entre la estructura tridimensional de la proteína y el proceso de traducción.
  • Demostró el impacto significativo de la estructura en la expresión génica, la localización del ARNm y la proteostasis.
  • El ensamblaje co-traductivo es un mecanismo impulsado por la estructura esencial para la función celular.