Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jun 4, 2025

10:59
Atomic Force Microscopy Investigations of DNA Lesion Recognition in Nucleotide Excision Repair
Published on: May 24, 2017
9.4K
Detección y escisión del extremo del ADN por el sistema de defensa antifágico de Shedu
Luuk Loeff1, Alexander Walter1, Gian Tizio Rosalen1
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Cell
|January 1, 2025
Resumen
El sistema Shedu utiliza su proteína SduA para detectar y cortar los extremos de ADN extraños, evitando la propagación viral. Los fagos evaden esta defensa alterando sus estrategias de replicación del ADN.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología molecular
- Microbiología
- Biología estructural
Sus antecedentes:
- Los procariotas poseen mecanismos de inmunidad anti-fago innatos.
- Shedu es un sistema de defensa de un solo componente que involucra a la nucleasa SduA.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar la base estructural de la actividad anti-fago de Shedu.
- Para entender cómo Shedu reconoce y apunta al ADN extraño.
- Para investigar las estrategias de evasión de fagos contra la inmunidad de Shedu.
Principales métodos:
- Microscopía crioelectrónica (cryo-EM) para determinar las estructuras de SduA.
- Pruebas bioquímicas para estudiar la actividad de extracción de ADN.
- Experimentos in vivo para evaluar la eficacia antiviral de Shedu y los mecanismos de escape de los fagos.
Principales resultados:
- Las estructuras de cryo-EM revelaron SduA tetramérico con pinzas de unión al ADN N-terminal.
- SduA reconoce los extremos libres del ADN y corta el ADN de doble cadena (dsDNA) cerca del extremo 5 '.
- El corte dirigido por Shedu impide la propagación lineal del ADN in vivo.
- Los fagos escapan de Shedu al suprimir la replicación del ADN dependiente de la recombinación.
Conclusiones:
- Shedu funciona como un sistema antiviral al dirigirse a los extremos de ADN extraños.
- Los conocimientos estructurales y funcionales definen el mecanismo de la inmunidad innata mediada por Shedu.
- Esto destaca los principios de inmunidad innata conservados en todos los dominios de la vida que involucran el reconocimiento de la estructura del ácido nucleico.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
CRISPR and crRNAs
16.6K
Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
16.6K
Restriction Enzymes
29.5K
Restriction enzymes are bacterial enzymes used to cut DNA in a sequence-specific manner. To cleave DNA, they bind to specific palindromic sequences called restriction sites. Such palindromic DNA sequences or inverted repeats are commonly found in regions of functional significance, such as the origin of replication, gene operator sites, and regions containing transcription termination signals.
The host bacteria protect their own genomic DNA from these enzymes by methylating these sites. Some...
The host bacteria protect their own genomic DNA from these enzymes by methylating these sites. Some...
29.5K
Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins
13.9K
For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
13.9K
Mismatch Repair
4.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.8K
Nucleotide Excision Repair
36.8K
Overview
36.8K
Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing
11.1K
In the same year as the discovery of the Sanger sequencing method, another group of scientists, Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert, demonstrated their chemical-cleavage method for DNA sequencing. The Maxam-Gilbert method relies on using different chemicals that can cleave the DNA sequence at specific sites, the separation of resulting DNA fragments of variable size using electrophoresis, and deciphering the DNA sequence from the resulting gel bands.
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...
Challenges of the Maxam-Gilbert Method
The...
11.1K

