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Raíces continentales ricas en sulfuro en los márgenes cratónicos formados por fundidos carbonatados
Chunfei Chen1, Michael W Förster2,3, Svyatoslav S Shcheka2
1State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China. chfchen2016@hotmail.com.
Nature
|January 8, 2025
Resumen
Las fusiones carbonatadas concentran azufre en las raíces continentales profundas, formando zonas ricas en sulfuro esenciales para la formación de mineral metálico. Este estudio revela cómo estos procesos enriquecen los márgenes cratónicos, ayudando a la exploración mineral.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Geoquímica
- Geología económica
- Petrología
Sus antecedentes:
- La corteza cratónica alberga importantes depósitos de metales (oro, cobre y tierras raras).
- La litosfera subyacente es rica en volátiles como el carbono, el azufre y el agua.
- La distribución y el papel de estos volátiles en el enriquecimiento de metales siguen siendo poco explorados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la distribución de azufre y cobre en el manto de la litosfera cratónica.
- Determinar el papel de los fundidos carbonatados en la metalogénesis.
- Explique el enriquecimiento de metales y la formación de raíces ricas en sulfuros.
Principales métodos:
- Compilación de datos globales de peridotita cratónica de azufre y cobre.
- Petrología experimental de alta presión en fundidos carbonatados.
- Análisis de la evolución de la fusión y de la solubilidad volátil.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó raíces continentales ricas en sulfuro y cobre a 160-190 km de profundidad cerca de los márgenes cratónicos.
- Los silicatos carbonatados se convierten en carbonatitas, que se concentran en los márgenes cratónicos.
- La disminución del SiO2 derretido provoca la precipitación de azufre, formando raíces ricas en sulfuro.
Conclusiones:
- Las fundiciones carbonatadas juegan un papel crucial en la concentración de azufre y la formación de depósitos de sulfuro en el manto profundo.
- La migración de fusión explica la co-ubicación de depósitos metálicos con carbonatitas cerca de los márgenes cratónicos.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen un nuevo marco para explorar depósitos de mineral metálico.
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