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Los genes proto-onc activados: ¿suficientes o necesarios para el cáncer?
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 10, 1985
Resumen
Los proto-oncogenes, genes normales vinculados a los genes del cáncer, se estudian por su papel en el desarrollo de tumores. La evidencia actual no prueba que los proto-oncogenes activados sean causas suficientes o necesarias de cáncer.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Oncología Oncología.
- Genética La genética.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los proto-oncogenes son genes celulares normales homólogos a los oncogenes retrovirales.
- Son ampliamente considerados genes potencialmente causantes de cáncer.
- Se observan alteraciones en los proto-oncogenes (mutación, sobreexpresión) en algunos tumores.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar la hipótesis de que los proto-oncogenes activados son agentes causantes del cáncer.
- Investigar la suficiencia y la necesidad de la activación de proto-oncogenes en la tumorigénesis.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre las alteraciones proto-oncogénicas en los tumores.
- Análisis de datos experimentales sobre la capacidad de transformación de los protooncogenes.
- Examen de la asociación entre la activación del proto-oncogén y el desarrollo tumoral.
Principales resultados:
- Los proto-oncogenes mutados o sobreexpresados no se encuentran consistentemente en todos los tumores donde ocurren.
- Los proto-oncogenes activados no han demostrado la capacidad de transformar las células primarias en entornos experimentales.
- No se ha aislado ninguna combinación de un proto-oncogén activado y un gen cancerígeno transformador de tumores.
Conclusiones:
- La hipótesis de que un solo proto-oncogén activado es suficiente para causar cáncer carece de pruebas definitivas.
- La hipótesis de que un proto-oncogén activado es una causa necesaria pero no suficiente del cáncer aún no se apoya de manera concluyente.
- La evidencia actual no confirma que los proto-oncogenes activados sean suficientes o incluso necesarios para el desarrollo del cáncer.
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