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Rápida disminución de mariposas en los Estados Unidos durante el siglo XXI

Collin B Edwards^1,2, Elise F Zipkin³, Erica H Henry^1,2

¹School of Biological Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 6, 2025

Resumen

Las poblaciones de mariposas en los Estados Unidos experimentaron disminuciones significativas entre 2000 y 2020. Este estudio revela una disminución del 22% en la abundancia total de mariposas, enfatizando la necesidad urgente de esfuerzos de conservación.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ecología
Entomología
Biología de la conservación

Sus antecedentes:

Las poblaciones de insectos, incluidas las mariposas, se enfrentan a disminuciones documentadas a nivel mundial.
Los análisis anteriores de la abundancia de mariposas fueron geográficamente limitados o utilizaron datos de una sola fuente.
Las mariposas son especies indicadoras clave para la salud ambiental.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para evaluar las tendencias de abundancia de mariposas en todo el país.
Identificar los patrones específicos de las especies en los cambios de la población de mariposas.
Proporcionar datos completos sobre el estado de las poblaciones de mariposas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó 12,6 millones de registros individuales de mariposas de 76,000 encuestas.
Datos integrados de 35 programas de monitoreo distintos en todo el país.
Tendencias analizadas desde el año 2000 hasta 2020.

Principales resultados:

La abundancia total de mariposas disminuyó en un 22% en todo el país entre 2000 y 2020.
Se observaron disminuciones en 554 especies de mariposas registradas.
Trece veces más especies mostraron tendencias decrecientes que tendencias crecientes.

Conclusiones:

La disminución generalizada de las mariposas requiere acciones de conservación inmediatas.
Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia ecológica de las mariposas y las amenazas a las que se enfrentan.
Se requieren medidas de protección urgentes para mitigar nuevas pérdidas de mariposas en los Estados Unidos.

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