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Países en desarrollo excluidos del comercio de tecnologías bajas en carbono

Praveena Bandara¹, Rebecca Ray¹, Jiaqi Lu¹

¹Global Development Policy Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 17, 2025

Resumen

Más del 90% del comercio de tecnología baja en carbono se produce entre las naciones de altos ingresos y China. Esto pone de relieve China

Área de la Ciencia:

Las economías
El comercio internacional
La política de medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

La dinámica del comercio mundial influye significativamente en la adopción de tecnologías con bajas emisiones de carbono.
Los países de altos ingresos son los principales consumidores y productores de tecnologías verdes.
El papel de China en la cadena de suministro mundial de estas tecnologías es sustancial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Analizar los patrones comerciales de las tecnologías bajas en carbono.
Cuantificar la participación del comercio entre los países de altos ingresos y China.
Comprender las implicaciones para los objetivos climáticos globales.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de los datos del comercio internacional de tecnologías bajas en carbono.
Modelado econométrico de los flujos comerciales.
Análisis comparativo de los socios comerciales.

Principales resultados:

Más del 90% del comercio de tecnología baja en carbono se concentra entre los países de altos ingresos y China.
Esta concentración indica una interdependencia significativa en el mercado de la tecnología verde.
Los sectores tecnológicos específicos muestran diferentes grados de esta concentración comercial.

Conclusiones:

Los hallazgos subrayan el papel crítico de China en el panorama mundial de la tecnología baja en carbono.
La cooperación internacional y las políticas comerciales entre los países de altos ingresos y China son cruciales para acelerar la transición a las bajas emisiones de carbono.
Las futuras investigaciones deberían explorar la resiliencia y la diversificación de estas redes comerciales.

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