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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Isomerism in Complexes
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Metamateriales quirales modulares para el origami

Tuo Zhao1, Xiangxin Dang1, Konstantinos Manos2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

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PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores desarrollaron metamateriales quirales modulares que desacoplan el movimiento para funciones avanzadas similares a las de una máquina. Estos materiales permiten un control independiente de la torsión y el encogimiento, superando las limitaciones anteriores en la deformación y el acoplamiento.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Ingeniería mecánica
  • La robótica

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los metamateriales quirales existentes exhiben un movimiento multimodal acoplado de pequeña deformación, lo que limita sus aplicaciones similares a las máquinas.
  • La funcionalidad autónoma en los metamateriales es deseable, pero se ve obstaculizada por la activación acoplada y los límites de deformación pequeños (≤ 2%).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Establecer metamateriales quirales modulares con accionamiento desacoplado para el control independiente de la deformación multimodal.
  • Para superar las limitaciones de los movimientos acoplados y la pequeña deformación en diseños anteriores de metamateriales quirales.

Principales métodos:

  • Diseño y fabricación de metamateriales quirales modulares que combinan teselaciones planas auxéticas y matrices columnares inspiradas en el origami.
  • Análisis experimental y basado en la simulación de mecanismos de deformación bajo accionamiento de un solo grado de libertad.
  • Demostración de las distintas condiciones de accionamiento: giro con traslación libre y desplazamiento lineal con rotación libre.

Principales resultados:

  • El metamaterial modular exhibe una activación desacoplada, logrando una gran contracción en el plano (hasta el 25%) y una contracción fuera del plano (más del 50%).
  • Se ha demostrado un control independiente: torsión de 0° a 90° con traslación libre y desplazamiento lineal con rotación libre.
  • Deformación atribuida a las teselaciones cuadradas giratorias (torsión / contracción en el plano) y las matrices de origami de Kresling (encogimiento fuera del plano).

Conclusiones:

  • Los metamateriales quirales modulares desarrollados ofrecen rutas a máquinas multimodales, multistables y reprogramables.
  • Las aplicaciones potenciales incluyen transformadores robóticos, termorregulación, memorias mecánicas y sistemas de absorción de energía.
  • El diseño modular permite propiedades sintonizables, escalabilidad y funcionalidad plug-and-play para diversos desafíos de ingeniería.