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La disminución de aves en América del Norte es mayor donde las especies son más abundantes
Alison Johnston1,2, Amanda D Rodewald1,3, Matt Strimas-Mackey1
1Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 1, 2025
Resumen
Los datos científicos participativos revelaron que las poblaciones de aves de América del Norte están disminuyendo, y la mayoría de las especies muestran áreas crecientes y decrecientes. Los esfuerzos de conservación necesitan tendencias de población a gran escala para una acción efectiva.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología
- Biología de la conservación
- Ornitología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los datos limitados de escala fina obstaculizan la conservación efectiva de las poblaciones de aves en disminución de América del Norte.
- Comprender el cambio poblacional es fundamental para hacer frente a la pérdida de biodiversidad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Estimar el cambio de población continental y la abundancia relativa de 495 especies de aves utilizando datos científicos participativos.
- Para revelar la heterogeneidad espacial a escala fina en las tendencias de la población de aves en toda América del Norte de 2007 a 2021.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó datos de ciencia ciudadana de eBird para analizar la dinámica de la población.
- Cambio de población estimado y abundancia relativa a una resolución de 27 kilómetros.
- Tendencias analizadas para 495 especies de aves durante un período de 15 años (2007-2021).
Principales resultados:
- Reveló una heterogeneidad espacial significativa en las tendencias de la población, con el 97% de las especies que muestran áreas en aumento y disminución.
- Se observó que el 75% de las especies presentaron disminuciones generales.
- Se encontró que las poblaciones disminuyeron más en las áreas de mayor abundancia (fortalezas), pero les fue mejor en las áreas de menor abundancia.
Conclusiones:
- Las tendencias de población de alta resolución son esenciales para comprender la dinámica de la población de aves.
- Los resultados ponen de relieve la necesidad de priorizar los esfuerzos de recuperación y orientar las estrategias de conservación.
- Se necesitan medidas urgentes de conservación, basadas en datos detallados sobre las tendencias espaciales.
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