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Gran afluencia de gas impulsada por una barra galáctica madura en el Universo temprano
Shuo Huang1,2, Ryohei Kawabe3,4, Hideki Umehata5,6
1National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan. shuohuang.version3@gmail.com.
Nature
|May 21, 2025
Resumen
Las barras galácticas, cruciales para la evolución de las galaxias, fueron encontradas en una galaxia hace 11.100 millones de años. Este estudio revela los primeros procesos impulsados por barras que alimentan la formación de estrellas en el universo joven.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Astronomía y astrofísica
- Evolución de las galaxias
- El amanecer cósmico
Sus antecedentes:
- Las barras galácticas son comunes en las galaxias de disco local y impulsan la evolución secular.
- Las barras transportan gas para alimentar las explosiones centrales y la actividad del agujero negro supermasivo.
- Las barras son de larga duración y se han observado en altos desplazamientos al rojo (z > 2).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el inicio y los efectos de las barras galácticas en el universo temprano.
- Para realizar un estudio cinemático de alta resolución de una barra galáctica distante.
- Para entender el papel de las barras en la evolución de la galaxia a un alto corrimiento al rojo.
Principales métodos:
- Líneas de emisión de monóxido de carbono y carbono atómico observadas de la galaxia J0107a en el corrimiento al rojo 2.467.
- Realizó un estudio cinemático para analizar la distribución y el movimiento del gas dentro de la barra galáctica.
- Las velocidades de entrada de gas medidas por la barra.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó una barra galáctica en J0107a con una dinámica de gas similar a las barras locales.
- Se observaron movimientos no circulares a gran escala impulsados por la barra, dominando la rotación del disco.
- Se midió una tasa de entrada de gas molecular de aproximadamente 600 masas solares por año en el centro galáctico.
Conclusiones:
- Los procesos dinámicos impulsados por barras y la evolución secular estuvieron activos hace 11.100 millones de años.
- Las primeras barras galácticas efectivamente canalizan el gas para alimentar la intensa formación de estrellas en galaxias masivas.
- Estos hallazgos proporcionan información sobre la evolución de las galaxias durante el amanecer cósmico.
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