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Los linajes femeninos y los patrones cambiantes de parentesco en el Neolítico Çatalhöyük
Eren Yüncü1, Ayça Küçükakdağ Doğu1, Damla Kaptan1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Resumen
El neolítico Çatalhöyük
Área de la Ciencia:
- La paleogenómica
- Arqueología
- Antropología social
Sus antecedentes:
- Çatalhöyük, un importante asentamiento neolítico en Anatolia Central, ofrece información sobre las primeras estructuras sociales.
- Comprender el parentesco y las prácticas de género es crucial para reconstruir sociedades pasadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los cambios en la organización social y las prácticas de género en el Neolítico Çatalhöyük.
- Analizar las estructuras de parentesco y los patrones de movilidad durante 1000 años.
Principales métodos:
- El análisis de 131 paleogenomas.
- Integración con datos bioarqueológicos y arqueológicos.
- Examen de patrones de entierro y objetos funerarios.
Principales resultados:
- Los primeros Çatalhöyük mostraban unidades familiares basadas en casas; los períodos posteriores presentaban individuos no relacionados en las mismas casas.
- No se encontró evidencia de migración sesgada por sexo en el asentamiento.
- Las conexiones genéticas maternas dentro de los edificios predominan sobre las paternas en todos los períodos.
- Las mujeres subadultas recibieron regalos graves más frecuentes que los hombres subadultos.
Conclusiones:
- Las prácticas de parentesco evolucionaron significativamente en el Neolítico Çatalhöyük.
- Las prácticas que favorecían a las líneas maternas persistieron durante un milenio.
- Este estudio ilumina la naturaleza dinámica de la organización social neolítica y los roles de género.
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