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El cinturón sísmico del arco anterior: una vía de fluido que restringe la ruptura del terremoto de megathrust
Rintaroh Suzuki1, Naoki Uchida1,2, Weiqiang Zhu3
1Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 10, 2025
Resumen
Los fluidos subducidos que migran a la superficie influyen en los terremotos en el arco frontal de Japón. El aprendizaje automático identificó un cinturón sísmico vinculado al suministro de fluidos, lo que podría limitar las rupturas de megatrust y pronosticar terremotos poco profundos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la Tierra
- Sismología
- La geofísica
Sus antecedentes:
- La subducción de las placas oceánicas libera fluidos que migran hacia la superficie de la Tierra.
- Estos fluidos migratorios pueden influir en las fallas tectónicas y la actividad sísmica en la región del arco frontal.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para detectar y localizar terremotos en el arco frontal noreste de Japón utilizando datos sísmicos.
- Investigar la relación entre la migración de fluidos y la sismicidad en el arco frontal.
- Comprender las implicaciones de la sismicidad de forearc para la ruptura de megathrust y la predicción de terremotos.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó algoritmos de aprendizaje automático para la detección y localización de terremotos.
- Analizaron datos de una red sísmica del fondo del océano en el noreste de Japón.
- Se examinó la distribución vertical de la sismicidad desde la placa subducida hasta el fondo marino.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó un patrón de sismicidad distinto, llamado el "cinturón sísmico del arco anterior", que se extiende desde la placa subducida hasta cerca del fondo del mar.
- Se correlacionó este cinturón sísmico con el suministro de fluido asumido de la placa subyacente.
- Se observó que la zona de alta sismicidad se extiende hacia el interior, alineándose con los eventos de deslizamiento lento conocidos y los límites históricos de los terremotos.
Conclusiones:
- La sismicidad del forearc está influenciada por la migración de fluidos de las placas de subducción.
- El cinturón sísmico del arco anterior puede desempeñar un papel en la restricción de las zonas de ruptura de megatrust.
- Los hallazgos apoyan el potencial de terremotos poco profundos y dañinos en la región, incluido el área metropolitana de Tokio.
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