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Comportamiento de fase de cristales líquidos liotrópicos sensibles a la luz para el almacenamiento de energía térmica
Beatrice E Jones1,2, Zhihang Wang1, Martijn A Zwijnenburg3
1Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, 27 Charles Babbage Road, Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 4, 2025
Resumen
El almacenamiento de energía térmica solar molecular utiliza fotosurfactantes de azobenzeno en fases de cristal líquido liotrópico. Este nuevo enfoque mejora la isomerización y el almacenamiento de energía para una captura y liberación eficientes de energía solar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Energía renovable
- Química supramolecular
Sus antecedentes:
- El almacenamiento molecular de energía solar térmica (MOST) ofrece una solución prometedora de energía renovable.
- La isomerización E-Z reversible del azobenzeno es clave para la mayoría de las aplicaciones.
- Los materiales existentes a base de azobenzeno se enfrentan a desafíos con una isomerización reducida en fases condensadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar las fases de cristales líquidos liotrópicos (LLC) de los fotoactivos de azobenzeno (AzoPS) para la mayoría de las aplicaciones.
- Investigar la sintonizabilidad de la estructura, la isomerización y el almacenamiento de energía en las LLC basadas en AzoPS.
- Establecer las relaciones estructura-isomerización-entalpia en estos materiales sensibles a la luz.
Principales métodos:
- Autoensamblaje de AzoPS en las fases LLC utilizando un mínimo de disolvente.
- Caracterización mediante dispersión de rayos X de ángulo pequeño (SAXS) y microscopía óptica polarizada.
- Calorimetría de barrido diferencial (DSC) combinada con SAXS in situ para correlacionar las transiciones de fase con el almacenamiento de energía.
Principales resultados:
- AzoPS se autoensambla en fases LLC con propiedades sintonizables.
- La adición de disolventes aumenta el grado de isomerización (hasta el 20%) y el trastorno estructural.
- Se han logrado densidades de almacenamiento de energía de hasta 123 J g -1.
- Se ha establecido una correlación directa entre las transiciones de fase LLC y las contribuciones de almacenamiento de energía.
Conclusiones:
- Las LLC basadas en AzoPS muestran una promesa significativa para la mayoría de las aplicaciones.
- El ajuste de la estructura, el disolvente y la concentración de AzoPS permite controlar las propiedades del material.
- La caracterización avanzada proporciona información para el diseño de dispositivos eficientes de almacenamiento de energía solar.
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