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Inteligencia artificial para la psicoterapia: una revisión del estado actual y las direcciones futuras
Mirza Jahanzeb Beg1, Mohit Verma1, Vishvak Chanthar K M M2
1Dept. of Psychology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
Indian journal of psychological medicine
|August 20, 2025
Resumen
La inteligencia artificial (IA) puede mejorar la psicoterapia para la ansiedad y la depresión a través de herramientas como los chatbots. Las consideraciones éticas con respecto a la privacidad y la confianza son cruciales para la integración exitosa de la IA en la atención de la salud mental.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud mental
- Inteligencia artificial
- La psicoterapia
Sus antecedentes:
- La psicoterapia es vital para la salud mental, pero enfrenta desafíos de accesibilidad y calidad.
- La inteligencia artificial (IA) presenta oportunidades para mejorar la accesibilidad y la personalización de la psicoterapia.
- Las preocupaciones éticas que rodean a la IA en el cuidado de la salud mental requieren una cuidadosa consideración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar las aplicaciones de IA en psicoterapia, examinando sus mecanismos, efectividad e implicaciones éticas.
- Centrarse en el papel de la IA en el tratamiento de trastornos depresivos y de ansiedad.
- Explorar el potencial de la IA para mejorar los servicios de salud mental.
Principales métodos:
- Una revisión narrativa de estudios empíricos desde enero de 2009 hasta diciembre de 2023.
- Cumplimiento de las directrices PRISMA para la selección y el cribado de los estudios.
- Análisis de 28 estudios seleccionados sobre el impacto de la IA en la psicoterapia.
Principales resultados:
- La IA, particularmente los chatbots y la terapia cognitivo-conductual basada en Internet (iCBT), muestran potencial para mejorar la psicoterapia para la ansiedad y la depresión.
- Las intervenciones de IA pueden aumentar la disponibilidad y la personalización de los tratamientos de salud mental.
- La integración exitosa requiere abordar preocupaciones éticas como la privacidad, la confianza y la interacción entre humanos y IA.
Conclusiones:
- La terapia cognitivo-conductual impulsada por IA y los chatbots son prometedores para manejar eficazmente los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión.
- La integración cautelosa de la IA en los servicios de salud mental es esencial, priorizando el bienestar del paciente y las consideraciones éticas.
- Equilibrar los beneficios de la IA con las preocupaciones sobre la privacidad, la confianza y el elemento humano es clave para su adopción exitosa.
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