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Impacto de la educación de pacientes en múltiples sitios en la farmacoterapia para los veteranos con trastorno por
Julie R Beauchamp1, Robert Malmstrom1, Ramona Shayegani1
1VA Sierra Pacific Network (VISN 21).
Resumen
La educación directa al consumidor no aumentó significativamente el inicio del tratamiento del trastorno por consumo de alcohol entre los veteranos. Se necesita más investigación para explorar métodos efectivos de entrega y participación en la atención primaria para el tratamiento de AUD.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Investigación en servicios de salud
- Medicina para la adicción
Sus antecedentes:
- El consumo excesivo de alcohol es una de las principales causas de muerte prevenibles en los Estados Unidos.
- Los tratamientos para el trastorno por consumo de alcohol (TDA) son efectivos, pero su uso es insuficiente.
- La baja absorción del tratamiento requiere estrategias innovadoras de participación del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la efectividad de la educación directa al consumidor (DTC) en el aumento del tratamiento AUD.
- Evaluar el impacto de la educación DTC en el inicio de la farmacoterapia y las consultas de servicio para los veteranos.
- Explorar estrategias de mejora de la calidad dentro del sistema de salud de Asuntos de Veteranos (VA).
Principales métodos:
- Un proyecto de mejora de la calidad en el que participan 5 centros de la Red Integrada de Servicios para Veteranos (VISN).
- Criterios de inclusión: Veteranos con AUD o alto riesgo de AUD (puntuaciones AUDIT-C) que no reciben farmacoterapia.
- Intervención: materiales educativos DTC enviados 2 semanas antes de las citas programadas; en comparación con una cohorte histórica igualada por puntaje de propensión.
Principales resultados:
- 1260 veteranos recibieron materiales educativos del DTC.
- No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el inicio de la farmacoterapia (resultado primario) entre el grupo de intervención y el grupo de comparación (P > .59).
- No hay diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las consultas de servicios de salud mental o SUD (resultado secundario).
Conclusiones:
- La educación directa al consumidor no produjo mejoras estadísticamente significativas en el inicio del tratamiento con AUD.
- El proyecto estimuló las discusiones sobre el AUD y las opciones de tratamiento dentro de la VISN 21.
- La investigación futura debe investigar los diversos métodos de administración de DTC, la integración de la atención primaria y el impacto del tratamiento AUD a largo plazo.
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