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Lecciones aprendidas en la respuesta al COVID-19 en Mozambique: posibilitando la preparación para la próxima pandemia
Mariana E Posse1, Grace Njeri Muriithi2, Daniel Malik Achala2
1Department of Research, Mariana Posse Consultoria, EI, Maputo, Mozambique.
Frontiers in health services
|August 20, 2025
Resumen
En el caso de Mozambique
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
- Política de salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 causó importantes pérdidas de vidas y trastornos sociales en todo el mundo.
- La preparación para una pandemia requiere documentar los factores que influyeron en las respuestas anteriores.
- La respuesta de Mozambique al COVID-19 ofrece valiosas lecciones para la preparación para futuras pandemias.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Documentar las lecciones aprendidas de la respuesta de Mozambique al COVID-19.
- Examinar los diversos componentes y las perspectivas de las partes interesadas de la respuesta.
- Informar las futuras estrategias de preparación para pandemias a nivel nacional y mundial.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño cualitativo de la investigación en fenomenología.
- Entrevistas en profundidad con 19 informantes seleccionados a propósito.
- Análisis temático deductivo de los datos codificados utilizando Maxqda 2020.
Principales resultados:
- Las fortalezas clave incluyen un fuerte liderazgo, estrategias claras, coordinación funcional, decisiones basadas en la evidencia y asociaciones con las partes interesadas.
- Se identificaron áreas de mejora: presupuesto claro, plan de comunicación, fondo de emergencia, rendición de cuentas y representación inclusiva.
- Las estructuras de vacunación preexistentes y las inversiones en la cadena de suministro fueron cruciales.
Conclusiones:
- La preparación efectiva para una pandemia requiere liderazgo gubernamental, planes de respuesta sólidos, recursos adecuados y toma de decisiones basada en datos.
- La vigilancia continua, la acción rápida, la participación de las partes interesadas y la documentación son esenciales para el aprendizaje y la mejora.
- Las lecciones de la respuesta de Mozambique pueden mejorar la preparación nacional y mundial para la pandemia.
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