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La adaptación intercultural italiana del índice de vulnerabilidad social
Gloria Mangini1,2, Cristina Festari3, Silvia Ottaviani1,2
1IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
Frontiers in public health
|August 20, 2025
Resumen
Los investigadores adaptaron el Índice de Vulnerabilidad Social (SVI) para Italia, creando el SVI-I. Esta herramienta ayuda a identificar los déficits sociales en los adultos mayores, ayudando a intervenciones personalizadas para mejores resultados de salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología
- Salud pública
- Sociología
Sus antecedentes:
- La vulnerabilidad social es un determinante importante de la salud, estrechamente relacionado con la fragilidad y la discapacidad en los adultos mayores.
- Comprender los déficits sociales es crucial para desarrollar intervenciones específicas y mejorar las trayectorias de la salud.
- La fragilidad se conceptualiza como una acumulación de déficits físicos, psicológicos y sociales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Adaptar culturalmente el Índice de Vulnerabilidad Social (SVI) a la población italiana.
- Crear una herramienta para evaluar la vulnerabilidad social de los adultos mayores italianos.
- Facilitar intervenciones oportunas y adaptadas a las necesidades sociales y sanitarias.
Principales métodos:
- Adaptación transcultural del SVI canadiense original.
- Traducción, síntesis de las traducciones y procedimientos de retrotraducción.
- Un procedimiento de Delphi que involucra a expertos para refinar el índice.
Principales resultados:
- Desarrollo del Índice de Vulnerabilidad Social Italiano (SVI-I) de 38 puntos.
- El SVI-I es válido para el rostro y es adecuado para los hablantes italianos que viven en la comunidad y tienen más de 65 años sin deterioro cognitivo.
- El índice proporciona un enfoque multidimensional para la evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social.
Conclusiones:
- El SVI-I es el primer índice que mide la vulnerabilidad social de la población de habla italiana.
- Esta herramienta tiene el potencial de mejorar las evaluaciones geriátricas y la detección temprana de la vulnerabilidad social.
- Se necesitan estudios de validación posteriores para confirmar su eficacia en el apoyo de planes de atención personalizados.
Palabras clave:
El consenso de DelfosAdaptación italianaÍndice de vulnerabilidad socialAdaptación transculturalFragilidadvulnerabilidad socialMás Videos Relacionados
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