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Evitar/restringir la alimentación en personas con y sin síntomas intestinales en la población general: prevalencia,
Amanda Blomsten1, Inês A Trindade2, Sanna Nybacka1
1Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
The American journal of gastroenterology
|August 20, 2025
Resumen
La alimentación evasiva / restrictiva es más frecuente en personas con síntomas intestinales, a menudo vinculados a síntomas más graves y menor calidad de vida. Este comportamiento alimenticio también es común en la población general.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología
- La psiquiatría
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La alimentación evasiva / restrictiva es cada vez más reconocida en varias poblaciones.
- Los trastornos funcionales del intestino afectan a una parte significativa de la población general.
- La relación entre los síntomas intestinales y los comportamientos alimenticios requiere más investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la prevalencia de la alimentación evasiva/restrictiva en personas con y sin síntomas intestinales.
- Identificar los factores asociados con la alimentación evasiva/restrictiva en la población general.
- Explorar el perfil clínico de las personas con síntomas intestinales y alimentación evasiva/restrictiva.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevó a cabo una encuesta de salud en Internet basada en la población sueca.
- Los participantes incluyeron individuos con trastornos funcionales intestinales diagnosticados con Roma IV y controles emparejados sin síntomas intestinales.
- La pantalla de trastorno de ingesta de alimentos evasivo / restrictivo (NIAS) evaluó los comportamientos alimenticios; la regresión múltiple jerárquica identificó los factores asociados.
Principales resultados:
- La alimentación evasiva o restrictiva fue más común en los individuos con síntomas intestinales (22,8%) que en los controles (18,2%).
- Las personas con síntomas intestinales y alimentación evasiva / restrictiva informaron síntomas intestinales, psicológicos y somáticos más graves y una menor calidad de vida.
- La gravedad de los síntomas intestinales fue el predictor más fuerte de la gravedad de la alimentación evasiva/restrictiva.
Conclusiones:
- La alimentación evasiva/restrictiva es prevalente en individuos con síntomas intestinales y se correlaciona con una presentación clínica más grave.
- Los proveedores de atención médica deben considerar discutir los comportamientos alimenticios con los pacientes que experimentan síntomas intestinales.
- La alimentación evasiva / restrictiva también se observa en la población general sin síntomas intestinales.
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