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Obtención de teorías de programas iniciales para una iniciativa de fortalecimiento de la capacidad de investigación
Meshack Nzesei Mutua1, Andrew Harding2, Ferdinand C Mukumbang3
1Centre for Capacity Research, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
PloS one
|August 20, 2025
Resumen
La evaluación basada en la teoría del fortalecimiento de la capacidad de investigación en salud es crucial. Las teorías programáticas iniciales para el programa DELTAS África destacan abordar los desafíos sistémicos y capacitar a los investigadores para una CSR eficaz en las universidades africanas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fortalecimiento de la capacidad de investigación en materia de salud
- Una evaluación realista
- Educación superior en África
Sus antecedentes:
- Creciente demanda de evaluaciones basadas en la teoría en las intervenciones de HRCS.
- La evaluación realista aborda cómo, por qué, para quién y bajo qué condiciones funcionan las intervenciones.
- Las teorías iniciales del programa (IPT) son fundamentales en la evaluación realista.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir las teorías iniciales del programa (IPT) para un programa de fortalecimiento de la capacidad de investigación en salud (HRCS) en las universidades africanas.
- Utilizar el programa DELTAS África como estudio de caso para el desarrollo de estas TPI.
- Demostrar un enfoque metodológico para el desarrollo de IPT a partir de diversas fuentes de evidencia.
Principales métodos:
- Realizó una revisión de siete documentos de programa y 32 trabajos publicados sobre iniciativas de HRCS en universidades africanas.
- Configuraciones de contexto, mecanismo y resultado (CMO) extraídas de la literatura.
- Configuraciones de OCM refinadas a través de cuatro entrevistas con el equipo de diseño del programa DELTAS África.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtuvieron tres IPT transferibles para intervenciones de HRCS.
- Factores clave identificados para una CSR eficaz: abordar los desafíos sistémicos (financiación, políticas, apoyo institucional) y capacitar/incentivar a los investigadores.
- Destacó la importancia de la aceptación institucional, la aplicación efectiva de las políticas, la financiación a largo plazo y las asociaciones equitativas.
Conclusiones:
- Las IPT son esenciales para guiar y perfeccionar las evaluaciones de la HRCS.
- La eficacia de la CSRH requiere un enfoque multifacético que aborde los niveles sistémico, institucional e individual de los investigadores.
- El estudio aporta un marco metodológico para el desarrollo de TPI en las evaluaciones de intervenciones complejas.
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